The sampling strategy of oral microbiome

Lu, Hongye; Zou, Peihui; Zhang, Yifei; Zhang, Qian; Chen, Zhibin; Chen, Feng

doi:10.1002/imt2.23

Cited by 25 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Furthermore, a rather superficial sampling, as with IDB, could explain the better detection of late colonizers, i.e., red complex ( T. denticola and T. forsythia ). This observation was also made by Belibasakis et al regarding PP since curettes are more likely to remove biofilm at the tooth surface, while PP samples are more distant [ 11 , 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Accordingly, a paper point is inserted at the deepest sites of the four quadrants for at least ten seconds to obtain the most representative result [ 13 ]. This complicates the clinical procedure organizationally and especially for healthy patients or patients in a transitional phase where actual pockets are not yet present technically [ 14 ]. Although microbial examinations are not currently recommended as a routine diagnostic tool in cases of biofilm-induced periodontal or peri-implant disease, new findings are desirable, especially in the area of early detection [ 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial Sampling Using Interdental Brushes and Paper Points around Teeth and Implants: A Pilot Study for Comparison

Janson

Gager²,

Hatz

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

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Inflammatory periodontal and peri-implant diseases follow dysbiotic shifts in a susceptible host. A well-established tool for microbial sample collection is the use of paper points. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the use of interdental brushes compared to paper points. Biofilm samples were collected with paper points and later interdental brushes from ten patients. Five patients were represented with a community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN) of 0–2 around the teeth and an implant with PPD ≤ 5 mm and no radiological bone loss. The remaining five patients had a CPITN ≥ 3 and one implant with peri-implantitis. Microbial samples were analyzed with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS). The results showed higher amounts of DNA in samples taken by interdental brushes but also higher Ct values. Both methods detected Filifactor alocis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola in the majority of samples, while Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was rarely found. A microbial dysbiosis index showed comparable or higher values in sites with no periodontitis/peri-implantitis with interdental brushes. The results of this pilot study indicate that interdental brushes might be a valid technique for microbial sampling and particularly advantageous in the early detection of dysbiotic shifts around teeth and implants. Larger studies with more participants are needed to validate the proposed microbial sampling method with interdental brushes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Sampling Using Interdental Brushes and Paper Points around Teeth and Implants: A Pilot Study for Comparison

Janson

Gager²,

Hatz

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Samples were collected according to previous literature [ 21 , 22 ]. Briefly, before sample collection, patients were asked to rinse their mouths to remove food residue in the mouth with water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Characteristics of Microbiome and Cytokines in Healthy Implants and Peri-Implantitis of the Same Individuals

Song

Jiang

et al. 2022

JCM

Self Cite

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Aim: To characterize the profile of submucosal microbiome and cytokine levels in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) from clinically healthy implants and peri-implantitis in the same individuals. Material and Methods: A total of 170 patients were screened and, finally, 14 patients with at least one healthy implant and one peri-implantitis implant were included. Submucosal microbiota and cytokines from 28 implants were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and multifactor assays, respectively. Correlations of clinical indexes and microbiota or cytokines were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. A random forest classification model was constructed. Results: Peri-implantitis sites harbored higher microbial diversity, as well as more Gram-negative bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, compared with healthy implants sites. The genera of Peptostreptococcaceae XIG-1, Treponema, Porphyromonas, and Lachnospiraceae G-8, as well as the cytokines of IL-17A, IL-6, IL-15, G-CSF, RANTES, and IL-1β were significantly higher in peri-implantitis than healthy implants. Furthermore, these genera and cytokines had positive relationships with clinical parameters, including probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and marginal bone loss (MBL). The classification model picked out the top 15 biomarkers, such as IL-17A, IL-6, IL-15, VEGF, IL-1β, Peptostreptococcaceae XIG-1, Haemophilus, and Treponema, and obtained an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.85. Conclusions: There are more pathogenic bacteria and inflammatory cytokines in peri-implantitis sites, and biomarkers could facilitate the diagnosis of peri-implantitis.

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“…In terms of treatment, OMT ameliorates oral mucositis, which manifests as a remodeling of the oral mucosal epithelium and lingual papillae, a decrease in the leukocyte count, and an increase in the number of proliferating oral epithelial cells (62). Standardized sampling strategies (151)and sterilization of oral microbiota (152) are the basis of OMT. At present, few animal-based studies have employed the OMT technique; nevertheless, a consensus has not been reached with regard to its protocol, and thus further investigation is warranted.…”

Section: Oral Microbiota Transplantation Facilitates Research On Syst...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sample preparation: Aimed at human systemic diseases, sampling sites include saliva, supragingival plaque, subgingival plaque, tongue coating, etc (151). In animal experiments, due to the limitation of the oral region, the whole oral cavity is generally collected (152).…”

Section: Oral Microbiota Transplantation Facilitates Research On Syst...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The oral microbiota and cardiometabolic health: A comprehensive review and emerging insights

Zhu

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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There is mounting evidence demonstrating that oral dysbiosis causes periodontal disease and promotes the development of cardiovascular disease. The advancement of omics techniques has driven the optimization of oral microbiota species analysis and has provided a deeper understanding of oral pathogenic bacteria. A bi-directional relationship exists between the oral microbiota and the host, and oral-gut microbiota transfer is known to alter the composition of the gut microbiota and may cause local metabolic disorders. Furthermore, cardiovascular health can also be highly affected by oral microbiota functions and metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and some lipid metabolites. Studies have found that trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) may have adverse effects on cardiovascular health, whereas SCFAs, NO, and H2S have cardioprotective effects. SCFAs and H2S exert varying oral and cardiovascular effects, however reports on this specific topic remain controversial. Previous evidences are accustomed to summarizing the functions of oral microbiota in the context of periodontitis. The direct relationship between oral microbiota and cardiovascular diseases is insufficient. By systematically summarizing the methods associated with oral microbiota transplantation (OMT), this review facilitates an investigation into the causal links between oral microbiota and cardiovascular disease. The concomitant development of omics, bioinformatics, bacterial culture techniques, and microbiota transplantation techniques is required to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between oral microbiota and cardiovascular disease occurrence.

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The sampling strategy of oral microbiome

Cited by 25 publications

References 46 publications

Microbial Sampling Using Interdental Brushes and Paper Points around Teeth and Implants: A Pilot Study for Comparison

Microbial Sampling Using Interdental Brushes and Paper Points around Teeth and Implants: A Pilot Study for Comparison

The Characteristics of Microbiome and Cytokines in Healthy Implants and Peri-Implantitis of the Same Individuals

The oral microbiota and cardiometabolic health: A comprehensive review and emerging insights

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