The Saponin-Rich Fraction of a Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. Aqueous Leaf Extract Reduces Cafeteria and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity

Reddy, Rama Manohar I.; Latha, Pushpa B.; Vijaya, Tartte; Rao, D. Sethu

doi:10.1515/znc-2012-1-206

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the human body, saponins can bind to bile salts to reduce cholesterol absorption (Marrelli et al, 2016). Moreover, in rats, it was shown that a saponin-rich diet resulted in the reduction of body weight, total cholesterol, triglycerides, very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in serum (Latha et al, 2011;Reddy et al, 2012). Alfalfa saponin extract (ASE) was found to have cholesterol-lowering effects (Wang et al, 2011;Marrelli et al, 2016).…”

Section: Saponinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Domestication on Secondary Metabolite Composition in Legumes

Contador

et al. 2020

Front. Genet.

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Legumes are rich in secondary metabolites, such as polyphenols, alkaloids, and saponins, which are important defense compounds to protect the plant against herbivores and pathogens, and act as signaling molecules between the plant and its biotic environment. Legume-sourced secondary metabolites are well known for their potential benefits to human health as pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. During domestication, the color, smell, and taste of crop plants have been the focus of artificial selection by breeders. Since these agronomic traits are regulated by secondary metabolites, the basis behind the genomic evolution was the selection of the secondary metabolite composition. In this review, we will discuss the classification, occurrence, and health benefits of secondary metabolites in legumes. The differences in their profiles between wild legumes and their cultivated counterparts will be investigated to trace the possible effects of domestication on secondary metabolite compositions, and the advantages and drawbacks of such modifications. The changes in secondary metabolite contents will also be discussed at the genetic level to examine the genes responsible for determining the secondary metabolite composition that might have been lost due to domestication. Understanding these genes would enable breeding programs and metabolic engineering to produce legume varieties with favorable secondary metabolite profiles for facilitating adaptations to a changing climate, promoting beneficial interactions with biotic factors, and enhancing health-beneficial secondary metabolite contents for human consumption.

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Section: Saponinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Domestication on Secondary Metabolite Composition in Legumes

Contador

et al. 2020

Front. Genet.

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“…Obesity is a predisposing factor to many serious lifestyle diseases such as CVD, diabetes, hypertension, and so on. GS has shown potent anti‐obesity properties, such as reducing plasma lipids and decreasing body weight and BMI (Luo, Kashiwagi, Shibahara, & Yamada, 2007; Reddy, Latha, Vijaya, & Rao, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Gymnema sylvestre supplementation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Devangan

Varghese

Johny

et al. 2021

Phytotherapy Research

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This systematic review and meta‐analysis aims to find the effect of Gymnema sylvestre (GS) supplementation on glycemic control in type‐2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). PubMed, Cochrane library, Google Scholar, and Science Direct were searched from inception to June 2020 to identify the studies that reported GS supplementation on glycemic parameters. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated by comparing the post‐intervention data with baseline data. SMDs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random‐effects model. Our meta‐analysis consisting of 10 studies with a total of 419 participants showed that GS supplementation significantly reduces fasting blood glucose (FBG) (SMD 1.57 mg/dl, 95% CI 2.22 to −0.93, p < .0001, I2 90%), postprandial blood glucose (PPBG) (SMD 1.04 mg/dl, 95% CI 1.53 to −0.54, p < .0001, I2 80%), and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (SMD 3.91, 95% CI 7.35 to −0.16%, p < .0001, I2 99%) compared to baseline. Further, our study also found that GS significantly reduces triglycerides (SMD 1.81 mg/dl, 95% CI 2.95 to −0.66, p < .0001, I2: 96%), and total cholesterol (SMD 4.10 mg/dl, 95% CI 7.21 to −0.99, p < .0001, I2: 98%) compared to baseline. Our study shows that GS supplementation is effective in improving glycemic control and reducing lipid levels in T2DM patients and suggests that such supplementation might be used as an effective therapy for the management of T2DM and its associated complications to an extent.

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“…GS has been widely used in folk medicine as a treatment for diabetes and other disorders (Grover et al, 2002;Porchezhian and Dobriyal, 2003;Bradley et al, 2007;Kanetkar et al, 2007;Leach, 2007;Reddy et al, 2012), and there is an extensive scientific literature suggesting that GS extracts contain biologically active compounds that exert anti-diabetic effects (Sinsheimer et al, 1970;Yoshikawa et al, 1997aYoshikawa et al, , 1997bSugihara et al, 2000;Ye et al, 2000;Zhu et al, 2008;Kang et al, 2012). We have previously reported that OSA W , a novel high molecular weight GS extract, has direct insulinotropic activities on b-cell lines (Liu et al, 2009) and isolated human islets in vitro (Liu et al, 2009;Al-Romaiyan et al, 2010b), and has beneficial effects on glycemic control in patients with T2DM (Al-Romaiyan et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Extract of Gymnema sylvestre Improves Glucose Tolerance In Vivo and Stimulates Insulin Secretion and Synthesis In Vitro

Al-Romaiyan

King²,

Persaud

et al. 2012

Phytotherapy Research

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Herbal medicines, especially plant-derived extracts, have been used to treat Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for many centuries, and offer the potential of cheap and readily available alternatives to conventional pharmaceuticals in developing countries. Extracts of Gymnema sylvestre (GS) have anti-diabetic activities and have been used as a folk medicine in India for centuries. We have investigated the effects of a novel high molecular weight GS extract termed OSA® on glucose tolerance in insulin-resistant ob/ob mice, and on insulin secretion and synthesis by isolated mouse islets. Single administration of OSA® (500 mg/kg) to ob/ob mice 30 min before an intraperitoneal glucose load improved their abnormal glucose tolerance. In vitro studies indicated that OSA® (0.25 mg/ml) initiated rapid and reversible increases in insulin secretion from isolated mouse islets at substimulatory (2 mM) and stimulatory (20 mM) glucose concentrations. In addition, prolonged treatment (24-48 h) of mouse islets with OSA® elevated the expression of preproinsulin mRNA and maintained the total insulin content of mouse islets in the presence of stimulated insulin secretion. These effects of OSA® are consistent with its potential use as a therapy for the hyperglycemia associated with obesity-related T2DM.

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The Saponin-Rich Fraction of a Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. Aqueous Leaf Extract Reduces Cafeteria and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

The Effects of Domestication on Secondary Metabolite Composition in Legumes

The Effects of Domestication on Secondary Metabolite Composition in Legumes

The effect of Gymnema sylvestre supplementation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

A Novel Extract of Gymnema sylvestre Improves Glucose Tolerance In Vivo and Stimulates Insulin Secretion and Synthesis In Vitro

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