The Scale Development of Adolescents Parent’s Self-Efficacy: A Psychometric Approach

Abstract

The parental self-efficacy or parents’ confidence in raising their children is believed to influence the parent-child relationship. A scale was developed for parents of Pakistani adolescents to understand and measure experience and expression of parental self-efficacy. Initially, an open-ended question was asked for the item generation of parental self-efficacy with parents of 11-15 years old adolescents. Further, scale's content validity was established and then pilot testing was conducted to assess the user-friendliness of the developed scale. Lastly, sample of 300 parents (143 fathers & 157 mothers) with the age range of 25-67 (M=42.23; SD=6.57) was given the Parents Self-Efficacy Scale protocol General Self-Efficacy Scale. The results showed that the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis generated four factors namely, Educating Morality, Providing Basic Needs, Inculcating Discipline and Teaching Autonomy. Also, the scale was proven to be highly reliable and valid. The results of this study provides singificnant information in order to validated the desired scale and reaching the conclusion in systematic manner. Further, the results have been discussed in the Pakistani cultural context.