The Science and Practice of Resilience

Trump, Benjamin D.; Linkov, Igor

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-04565-4

Cited by 168 publications

(145 citation statements)

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“…This example shows how space and time are, indeed, connected and non-linear scale-free time series, representative of epidemic critical states (depicted in the top plot), correspond to scale-free transmission networks; vice versa endemic states are related to seasonal time series and exponential random networks. This example typifies a line of reasoning that highlights the fact that resilience cannot be assumed as a linear function as assumed by analytic frameworks and models that claim to deploy the "science of resilience" in practical applications (see Linkov and Trump (2019)). Moreover, resilience should not be evaluated solely in terms of "speed of recovery" to some previous system state, before the influence of any stressor(s); instead, resilience should also be evaluated in terms of the magnitude of effects, together with the full range of possible state transitions via probability distribution functions, including transitions toward "better" or perhaps preferred system states (see Figure 3).…”

Section: On the Uses (And Abuses) Of Linearitymentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Given these considerations, it is interesting to observe that many contemporary accounts of resilience seem predicated on the idea that resilience is only an inherent, though perhaps ultimately manageable, property of systems. Indeed, the notion of resilience as an "emergent" property of systems (Kauffman, 1993;Jiménez et al, 2008;Anderson et al, 2013;Seoane and Solé, 2015;Tendler et al, 2015;Lansing et al, 2017) is strangely absent from several recent characterizations of the concept (see, e.g., Linkov and Trump (2019). As we have already noted in portions of our discussion above, biological science has much to teach us about this kind of phenomena.…”

Section: Time Information and Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our modern preoccupation with resilience arises out of a basic human need to endure. In recent years, a host of scholars and practitioners -such as Levin (1999); Folke (2006); Levin and Lubchenco (2008); ; Linkov et al (2014); Troell et al (2014); Ganin et al (2016); Goel et al (2018); Linkov et al (2018); Massaro et al (2018); Rocha et al 2018; Scheffer et al (2018), Linkov and Trump (2019), and van Strien et al 2019-have sought to outline the conceptual rudiments of an emerging "resilience paradigm".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward a pluralistic conception of resilience

Convertino

Valverde²

2019

Ecological Indicators

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The concept of resilience occupies an increasingly prominent position within contemporary efforts to confront many of modernity's most pressing challenges, including global environmental change, famine, infrastructure, poverty, and terrorism, to name but a few. Received views of resilience span a broad conceptual and theoretical terrain, with a diverse range of application domains and settings. In this paper, we identify several foundational tenets-dealing primarily with intent/intentionality and uncertainty-that are seen to underlie a number of recent accounts of resilience, and we explore the implications of these tenets for ongoing attempts to articulate the rudiments of an overarching resilience paradigm. Firstly, we explore the complemental nature of risk and resilience, looking, initially, at the role that linearity assumptions play in numerous resilience frameworks found in the literature. We then explore the limitations of these assumptions for efforts directed at modeling risk and resilience in complex domains. These discussions are then used to motivate a pluralistic conception of resilience, drawing inspiration and content from a broad range of sources and empirical domains, including information, network, and decision theories. Secondly, we sketch the rudiments of a framework for engineered resilience, the primary focus of which is the exploration of the fundamental challenges that system design and system performance pose for resilience managers. The conception of engineered resilience set forth here also considers how challenges concerning time and predictability should factor explicitly into the formal schemes that are used to represent and model resilience. Finally, we conclude with a summary of our findings, and we provide a brief sketch of possible future research directions.

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Section: On the Uses (And Abuses) Of Linearitymentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Time Information and Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward a pluralistic conception of resilience

Convertino

Valverde²

2019

Ecological Indicators

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The second approach is one that recognizes and addresses the highly unpredictable, uncertain, and even random existence of systemic threats by building system resilience (Linkov et al 2018). Details regarding these two approaches can be found in Linkov and Trump (2019) and are avoided here for brevity. Most practitioners, however, may consider systems thinking as being too complex or unsuitable for their practical purposes or applications.…”

Section: Systems-based Approaches To Curtail Covid-19 Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a new challenge in untreated wastewater

Chaudhry

Sachdeva

2020

Can. J. Civ. Eng.

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COVID-19 outbreak was declared a pandemic by the WHO on 12 March 2020. As of 27 May 2020, WHO statistics exhibited that more than five million confirmed cases have been reported globally. Much remains unclear about the fate and impact of SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus 2019, in wastewater. SARS-CoV-2 infection, the etiologic agent of the current COVID-19 pandemic, is followed by virus shedding in the stool. The quantification of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater, therefore, enables monitoring of the prevalence of infections among the population through wastewater-based epidemiology. This review discusses the possible spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in wastewater and its impact on human health, if any. The information and resources outlined in this paper are based on recently published studies and provide information to decision-makers on the successful management of COVID-19 and reduce the risk of human exposure to COVID-19. Additionally, systems-based approaches to curtail COVID-19 spread are also discussed.

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“…Similar to IRGC's approach, Linkov and Trump's The Science and Practice of Resilience (Linkov and Trump, 2019) characterises systemic risk as a property of an organisation's or system's resilience. They use a definition proposed by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS, 2015) that frames resilience as the ability of a system to plan and prepare for, absorb and withstand, recover from, and adapt to adverse events and disruptions.…”

Section: How Can Systemic Risk Be Evaluated?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Systems-based Approaches for Development Co-operation to Meet Diverse Needs and Aspirations in an Interdependent World

Sperling¹,

Lopes²,

Malhotra³

et al. 2020

New Approaches to Economic Challenges

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In policymaking, we hear the word "system" all the time. The economic system. The education system. The financial system. The political system. The social system… However, we rarely hear the word system attached to the word "approach". But unless we adopt a systems approach, unless we employ systems thinking, we will fail to understand the world we are living in. Our world is made up of complex systems, systems of systems interacting with each other, and changing each other by that interaction and the links between them. The global economy now has a greater number of links than ever before. The global nature of supply chains; new ways of exchanging goods, services and ideas; increasing migration; and ever-greater digitalisation, all increase our global connectedness. Such interconnectedness, in turn, gives rise to complexity, and this can be good or bad. However, within mainstream economics, the understanding of why and when interconnectedness may increase stability or instability has remained fragmented. Complexity science helps us to understand the main features of the most important systems we have to deal with. Features such as emergence, when the overall effect of individuals' actions is qualitatively different from what each of the individuals is doing. Radical uncertainty is another important aspect. It describes surprises-outcomes or events that are unanticipated, that cannot be put into a probability distribution because they are outside our list of things that might occur. But despite radical uncertainty and the unanticipated, the future is born by anticipation. We take decisions and perform actions to influence the future, as individuals, societies or governments. And the imagined, probable, or expected outcomes influence our decisions and actions in the present. Even things that may never happen, or will only happen decades from now, can have an impact on what we do today. That is why we plan our day, buy insurance, and pay into pension funds. That is why we try to forecast everything from GDP to the weather to the results of elections or football matches. Of course, not all our decisions about the future are in tune with what economic rationality would like us to do. We promote evidence-based decision-making, but of course there is no evidence about the future. Moreover, experience shows that simply extrapolating from the past can be ridiculous, dangerous or at best misguided. A complexity approach helps us to avoid these errors. We are dealing with a world characterised by nonlinearities, tipping points, and asymmetrical relations where a small cause can have a big effect. In a systems approach, global issues need global solutions. Environmental problems do not respect borders. You need to import some goods and services to be able to export others. The digital revolution is making it hard to define what the "domestic" in "gross domestic product" is. Growing inequalities are creating discontent. If we are to tackle these issues, governments must change the ways in which they design and implement poli...

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The Science and Practice of Resilience

Cited by 168 publications

References 0 publications

Toward a pluralistic conception of resilience

Toward a pluralistic conception of resilience

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a new challenge in untreated wastewater

Systems-based Approaches for Development Co-operation to Meet Diverse Needs and Aspirations in an Interdependent World

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