The science of genetically modified poultry

Abstract

The exuberant development of targeted genome editing has revolutionized research on the chicken genome, generating chickens with beneficial parameters. The chicken model is a crucial experimental tool that can be utilized for drug manufacture, preclinical research, pathological observation, and other applications. In essence, tweaking the chicken’s genome has enabled the poultry industry to get more done with less, generating genetically modified chickens that lay eggs containing large amounts of lifesaving humanized drugs. The transition of gene editing from concept to practical application has been dramatically hastened by the development of programmable nucleases, bringing scientists closer than ever to the efficient producers of tomorrow’s medicines. Combining the developmental and physiological characteristics of the chicken with cutting-edge genome editing, the chicken furnishes a potent frontier that is foreseen to be actively pursued in the future. Herein we review the current and future prospects of gene editing in chickens and the contributions to the development of humanized pharmaceuticals.

Impact of biotechnological transgenesis procedures on duck productivity

“…The creation of transgenic poultry is carried out using three main methods: 1) sperm-mediated gene transfer (SMGT) 2) injection of a DNA vector under the embryo cavity of a newly laid egg; 3) introduction of transfected blastomeres into the embryo (Kwon et al, 2018;Konoval et al, 2019;2021). The creation of transgenic poultry by injection is complicated by the lack of transparency of its egg, the presence of a large yolk, and the uniqueness of the reproductive system of the Avis class (Ibrahim & Stadnicka, 2023). The wide pores of the shell of waterfowl cause infection of embryos in eggs opened for manipulation and prevent the success of the formation of the duck germ chimera, reducing the effectiveness of intervention procedures in embryonic development.…”

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“…The creation of transgenic poultry is carried out using three main methods: 1) sperm-mediated gene transfer (SMGT) 2) injection of a DNA vector under the embryo cavity of a newly laid egg; 3) introduction of transfected blastomeres into the embryo (Kwon et al, 2018;Konoval et al, 2019;. The creation of transgenic poultry by injection is complicated by the lack of transparency of its egg, the presence of a large yolk, and the uniqueness of the reproductive system of the Avis class (Ibrahim & Stadnicka, 2023). The wide pores of the shell of waterfowl cause infection of embryos in eggs opened for manipulation and prevent the success of the formation of the duck germ chimera, reducing the effectiveness of intervention procedures in embryonic development.…”

The Effect of Short- and Long-Term Cryopreservation on Chicken Primordial Germ Cells

“…Since then, researchers have focused on understanding the origin, migration, differentiation, and molecular markers of PGCs in birds, notably in species like chicken (Gallus domesticus) and Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) [1]. PGCs offer a lot of potential as genetic resources for avian research, especially when studying genetically modified animals [2]. PGCs are the earliest group of germ cells to appear during development and are responsible for generating both oocytes and spermatogonia in adult organisms [1].…”