The sciences of healthy aging await a theory of health

Sholl, Jonathan

doi:10.1007/s10522-020-09872-0

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Indeed, consistent with this explanation and the cross sectional and longitudinal NLR data in the current study, human longitudinal data show that lymphocyte counts decrease with age (which would contribute to higher NLRs), whereas crosssectional data show that lymphocyte counts are highest in the oldest age groups (contributing to lower NLRs) [42]. Given that the field of aging and aging theory lack reliable physiological measures of what constitutes good health and what predicts longevity [43], these data may point to the use of NLR as one possible indicator of health and longevity.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 86%

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): The effects of sex, age, and rearing

et al. 2020

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In humans, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been used as a clinical tool in diagnosis and/or prognosis of a variety of cancers and medical conditions, as well as in measuring physiological stress over time. Given the close phylogenetic relationship and physical similarities between humans and apes, NLR may similarly be a useful diagnostic tool in assessing chimpanzee health. Only one study has examined NLR in apes, reporting that NLR increased with age and was affected by body-mass index and sex. In the current study, we examined changes in NLR data from longitudinal health records for 443 chimpanzees in two captive chimpanzee populations. Using these data, we analyzed intra-individual changes and inter-individual differences in NLR as a function of age, rearing history, and sex. Contrary to previous studies in humans and the one previous study in chimpanzees, NLR values did not change over a 10-year timespan within individual chimpanzees. However, cross-sectional comparisons revealed a significant quadratic relationship between age and NLR, with the highest values during mid-life (20–30 years of age) and the lowest values in younger and older individuals. Additionally, males and mother-reared individuals had higher NLR than females and nursery-reared chimpanzees, respectively. Lastly, males and those with higher NLR values died at younger ages. These findings suggest that NLR may be useful as a predictor of longevity in chimpanzees. However, given the complexities of these relationships, more research is needed to determine the utility of NLR as a diagnostic health tool for chimpanzees.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 86%

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): The effects of sex, age, and rearing

et al. 2020

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“…An analysis of the literature produced in recent times shows the need to specify a way in which we will be able to speak of health in the face of a change in the overall epidemiology and the proof of the impossibility of a biological condition free of the risk of being affected by the disease. 1,[6][7][8][9][10] One limit of health definition proposed in 1948 2,7 concerns how verifiable the complete satisfaction of such a condition can actually be. Moreover, the 1948 definition implies that, in the presence of a diagnosis or even therapy, the physiological readaptation given by the allostatic system 11,12 or the capacity for self-management, are not considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And what exactly is it that at this very moment is causing us to consider such a change of course? An analysis of the literature produced in recent times shows the need to specify a way in which we will be able to speak of health in the face of a change in the overall epidemiology and the proof of the impossibility of a biological condition free of the risk of being affected by the disease 1,6–10 . One limit of health definition proposed in 1948 2,7 concerns how verifiable the complete satisfaction of such a condition can actually be.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%