The Scientific Basis of Industrial Application of the Process of Selective Hydrogenation of Benzene in Different Catalytic Systems

Abstract

Pollution of the environment with substances obtained in the production of oil and other products in various industries forces us to take measures to solve environmental problems that have become relevant in recent years. Arenes, belonging to the class of petroleum-derived aromatic hydrocarbons, are very life-threatening substances due to their carcinogenic effects. In this regard, one of the important issues is the release of benzene, a special representative of arenes, from its carcinogenic effect as a toxic and volatile compound, and its use in the production of cyclohexane, which is the main raw material for the production of caprolactam and nylon. The selectivity of the hydrogenation of benzene and the high yield of cyclohexane, the target product, depend on the reaction conditions and the choice of catalysts. In recent years, the application of polymer and zeolite nanocomposite catalysts, as well as modified metal polymer-based catalysts, in obtaining highly active and selective catalysts for the purpose of effective implementation of aromatic hydrocarbon hydrogenation processes is of great interest. Thus, naphthenic hydrocarbons are considered the main starting materials for the synthesis of various classes of compounds. Derivatives of these compounds are used in the pharmaceutical industry as special-purpose caprolactam, adipic acid, cyclohexanone, as a solvent for essential oils, varnishes, paints, as an extractant, etc. are used in synthesis. As a result of investigating the catalytic properties of polymer-mineral catalysts in the benzene hydrogenation reaction, it was determined that these reactions show selectivity in the direction of cyclohexane formation in narrow-pore zeolites (mordenite, clinoptilolite)In the presented work, the main information was collected by analyzing the literature on the work carried out in this direction