The scientific basis of muscle disease

Floeter, Mary Kay

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511674747.005

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 485 publications

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“…These dissociable activation patterns of motor commands could potentially explain the differences in error-managing mechanisms between saccadic control and reaching. Finally, eye muscles are remarkably more innervated than peripheral skeletal muscles (Floeter, 2010;Porter et al, 1995), leading to a greater quantity of motor units, which scales negatively with noise at the effector stage (Hamilton et al, 2004) which possibly makes stiffness regulation unnecessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reward-Based Improvements in Motor Control Are Driven by Multiple Error-Reducing Mechanisms

et al. 2020

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reward-Based Improvements in Motor Control Are Driven by Multiple Error-Reducing Mechanisms

et al. 2020

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“…A second possibility is that the muscles considered in saccade and reaching have different size and innervation density. Although eyes muscles are smaller, they are remarkably more innervated than most peripheral skeletal muscles (Floeter, 2010; Porter et al, 1995) such as arm muscles recruited for reaching, leading to a greater quantity of motor units. Interestingly, it has been shown that motor noise arising at the muscle level scales negatively with the number of motor units in that muscle (Hamilton et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reward-based improvements in motor control are driven by multiple error-reducing mechanisms

Codol

Holland

Manohar

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Reward has a remarkable ability to invigorate motor behaviour, enabling individuals to select 11 and execute actions with greater precision and speed. However, if reward is to be exploited 12 in applied settings such as rehabilitation, a thorough understanding of its underlying mech-13 anisms is required. Although reward-driven enhancement of movement execution has been 14 proposed to occur through enhanced feedback control, an untested alternative is that it is 15 driven by increased arm stiffness, an energy-consuming process that increases limb stability. 16First, we demonstrate that during reaching reward improves selection and execution per-17 formance concomitantly without interference. Computational analysis revealed that reward 18 led to both an increase in feedback correction during movement and a reduction in mo-19 tor noise near the target. We provide novel evidence that this noise reduction is driven by a 20 reward-dependent increase in arm stiffness. Therefore, reward drives multiple error-reduction 21 mechanisms which enable individuals to invigorate motor performance without compromising 22 accuracy. 23 24 1

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“…Peripheral nerve contains motor axons that innervate muscle and sensory fibers that arise from receptors within the muscle, such as the muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs 20. Rather than controlling each muscle fiber individually, the nervous system controls motor units, each consisting of one motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather than controlling each muscle fiber individually, the nervous system controls motor units, each consisting of one motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates. The number of muscle fibers innervated by a given α‐motor neuron corresponds to the innervation ratio,20 which varies from several muscle fibers (oculomotor muscles) to several thousand fibers (quadriceps femoris muscles) in humans 20, 21…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Myostatin deficiency is associated with an increase in number of total axons and motor axons innervating mouse tibialis anterior muscle

Gay¹,

Jublanc²,

Bonnieu³

et al. 2012

Muscle and Nerve

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The scientific basis of muscle disease

Cited by 5 publications

References 485 publications

Reward-Based Improvements in Motor Control Are Driven by Multiple Error-Reducing Mechanisms

Reward-Based Improvements in Motor Control Are Driven by Multiple Error-Reducing Mechanisms

Reward-based improvements in motor control are driven by multiple error-reducing mechanisms

Myostatin deficiency is associated with an increase in number of total axons and motor axons innervating mouse tibialis anterior muscle

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