The Scintillation Counter as an Instrument for In Vivo Determination of Thyroid Weight

Allen, Herbert C.; Goodwin, William E.

doi:10.1148/58.1.68

Cited by 50 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Estimated thyroid weight, 5-h thyroidal RAIU (normal 9.7+4.5%), serum levels of T3 (1.4-3.2 nmol/1), T4 (58-154 nmol/I), free T4 (10-27 pmol/1) and antithyroid autoantibody to thyroglobulin (Tg-ab) or to thyroid microsomal antigen (Mi-ab) were measured by using the methods re¬ ported previously (27). Goitre size was estimated by pal¬ pation by a same doctor (KO) and calculation using the method of Allen & Goodwin (27,29). Serum TSH levels were determined by the sensitive immunoradiometric assay (Hoechst Pharmaceutical Co, Tokyo, Japan, normal range 0.11-4.26 mU/1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of relapse in drug-treated Graves' disease using thyroid stimulation indices

Ikenoue

Okamura²,

Sato³

et al. 1991

Acta Endocrinologica

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Thyroid stimulation indices such as high thyroidal radioactive iodine uptake, increased estimated thyroid weight, presence of TSH-binding inhibitor immunoglobulin or thyroid-stimulating antibody, and elevated serum thyroglobulin level, were evaluated in 148 patients with Graves' disease who had been treated with antithyroid drugs for two years or more before the drugs were withdrawn. In all 19 patients in whom three or more indices were positive, early relapse, within 12 months, occurred after reducing the dosage of antithyroid drugs. Other 129 patients were followed after the drug was withdrawn and in 77 patients with one or two positive indices, early relapse occurred in 65-71% and late relapse, after 12 months or later, occurred in 2-11%. In 52 patients in whom none of the indices were positive, 86% remained in remission, but 10% developed an early relapse, and 4% a late relapse. We conclude that a combined analysis of thyroid stimulation indices is useful in predicting relapse in Graves' disease whereas it remains difficult to predict permanent remission.Many tests or parameters including the TRH test (1-3), T3 suppression test (4-13), thyroid size (14-16), serum levels of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (17)(18)(19) or thyroglobulin (Tg) (20-23) and T3/T4 ratio ( 11,24) have been used as predictive parameters of remission in Graves' disease. How¬ ever, none of these parameters is satisfactory by themselves.Recently Schleusener et al. (25) reported a pro¬ spective multicentre study on the prediction of re¬ lapse using various parameters such as TSH recep¬ tor antibodies activity, antithyroid autoantibodies, HLA DR typing, suppression test, TRH test, goitre size, age, and degree of ophthalmopathy. Although patients with positive TSH receptor antibody, ab¬ normal suppression or an abnormal TRH test, or a large goitre have a significantly higher relapse rate than those without, they concluded that the sensi¬ tivity and specificity of these paramters were too low to be useful for daily clinical decision in the treatment of an individual patient, even if the com¬ bination of different two parameters was analysed.Theoretically, activity in Graves' disease could be shown by the presence of thyroid-stimulating an¬ tibodies. Goitre size, thyroidal radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) and serum Tg levels are also good parameters to show how the thyroid gland is stimu¬ lated, as shown in patients with diffuse goitre stimu¬ lated by endogenous TSH (26-28).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of relapse in drug-treated Graves' disease using thyroid stimulation indices

Ikenoue

Okamura²,

Sato³

et al. 1991

Acta Endocrinologica

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“…Ophthalmopathy was determined by an internist based on clinical symptoms such as exophthalmos, double vision, and impaired visual acuity. Weight of thyroid gland was calculated from thyroid scintigraphy images using the Allen-Goodwin equation [15,16]: m (g) = 0.323 × S × (a + b)/2 where m = estimated weight of the thyroid gland (g), S = surface area of thyroid gland (cm 2 ) and a, b = length of long axis of left and right lobes (cm), respectively.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Onset Age is Associated with Outcome of Radioiodine Therapy in Graves' Disease

et al. 2004

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Abstract. Controversy remains regarding the optimal dose calculation with radioiodine therapy for patients with Graves' disease. Here, we focused our analysis on data concerning the patient's pretreatment background, an empirically set dose of radioiodine and the post-treatment thyroid function, and investigated those factors that affected the outcome. The subjects consisted of 38 patients diagnosed as having Graves' disease. All patients were hospitalized to undertake radioiodine therapy between 1989 and 1998 at our hospital. At the follow-up periods of 6-, 12-, and 36-months after therapy, we divided the patients into two groups: one group those who had hypothyroid function, and the other those who had normal or hyperthyroid function. At 6-and 12-months, 50% of the patients belonged to the hypothyroid function group, whereas at 36-months, 55% of them had hypothyroid function. Logistic regression analysis, with the objective variable being the post-treatment hypothyroidism after 12 months, revealed that the significant factor was the onset age. We suggested that the age at onset should be considered in patients with Graves' disease to determine the optional radioiodine dose for the therapy.

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“…0.). The localization and the shape of the active gland can be studied and its size determined (1), this latter being of special importance for the dosimetry in radioiodine therapy. The function of nodules within the gland may be studied (Fig.…”

Section: Discussion Of Medical Usementioning

confidence: 99%