The Sebaceous Gland and Acne – 40 Years On

Cunliffe, W. J.

doi:10.1159/000017859

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…The mechanism by which this process occurs is not elucidated. One important factor that induces this hyperproliferative state of ductal keratinocytes may be the modified lipid composition of the sebum [2, 8]. Lipids, which have been incriminated in comedogenesis are linoleic acid, free fatty acids and squalene [9].…”

Section: Abnormal Ductal Keratinizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these lesions the follicular epithelium is damaged, and a dermal inflammation occurs. Duct rupture can occur but is certainly not an early phenomenon [1, 2]. If rupture occurs the comedo content elicits an intense inflammatory response in the dermis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most significant pathogenetic factors of acne have been identified as: abnormal ductal keratinization resulting in comedogenesis, increased sebum production resulting in seborrhea, abnormalities of the microbial flora and inflammation [2, 4]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Innate Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Acne

et al. 2003

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Acne is a multifactorial disease of the pilosebaceous follicle. The most significant pathogenetic factors of acne are: abnormal ductal keratinization, increased sebum secretion, abnormalities of the microbial flora and inflammation. The pilosebaceous unit is an immunocompetent organ. Keratinocytes and sebocytes may act as immune cells capable of pathogen recognition and abnormal lipid presentation, and they might have an important role in initiating and perpetuating the activation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. The elements of the skin immune system are involved in the development of both noninflammatory and inflammatory acne lesions.

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Section: Abnormal Ductal Keratinizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Innate Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Acne

et al. 2003

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“…The pathogenesis of acne includes ductal hypercornification, enhanced sebaceous gland activity, colonization by Propionibacterium acnes and inflammation [2]. Androgens impair the skin barrier function and cause epidermal hyperplasia and follicular hyperkeratosis, and consequently result in the onset of acne [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher 17α-Hydroxyprogesterone Levels Aggravated the Severity of Male Adolescent Acne in Northeast China

Wei

Qu²,

Zhu³

et al. 2014

Dermatology

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Background: The relationship between serum hormone levels and adolescent acne is not fully clarified. Objective: To determine the relationship between levels of androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), testosterone, estradiol and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) with adolescent acne in Northeast China. Methods: A transversal study included 242 acne cases and 188 controls. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Results: Androstenedione and testosterone levels were significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in the cases than in the control group. In males, the difference in 17-OHP levels was statistically significant (p < 0.0001), as well as between mild and severe acne cases (p = 0.002). The estradiol level was significantly different (p < 0.0001) between cases and controls in females. Conclusion: Higher androstenedione and testosterone levels are significant risk factors in the occurrence of adolescent acne. A higher 17-OHP level aggravates the severity of male adolescent acne, while a higher estradiol level protects females against the onset of adolescent acne.

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“…This disease can be extremely painful and can lead to numerous psychological problems. Inflammatory lesions give rise to significant scar formation in 30% of patients (6). In addition to its association with inflammatory acne, P. acnes is an increasingly common opportunistic pathogen, causing a wide range of infections in immunocompromised patients (2,8,31,34).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Sequence and Analysis of aPropionibacterium acnesBacteriophage

et al. 2007

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Cutaneous propionibacteria are important commensals of human skin and are implicated in a wide range of opportunistic infections. Propionibacterium acnes is also associated with inflammatory acne vulgaris. Bacteriophage PA6 is the first phage of P. acnes to be sequenced and demonstrates a high degree of similarity to many mycobacteriophages both morphologically and genetically. PA6 possesses an icosahedreal head and long noncontractile tail characteristic of the Siphoviridae. The overall genome organization of PA6 resembled that of the temperate mycobacteriophages, although the genome was much smaller, 29,739 bp (48 predicted genes), compared to, for example, 50,550 bp (86 predicted genes) for the Bxb1 genome. PA6 infected only P. acnes and produced clear plaques with turbid centers, but it lacked any obvious genes for lysogeny. The host range of PA6 was restricted to P. acnes, but the phage was able to infect and lyse all P. acnes isolates tested. Sequencing of the PA6 genome makes an important contribution to the study of phage evolution and propionibacterial genetics.

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The Sebaceous Gland and Acne – 40 Years On

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the aetiology of acne and its treatment but more importantly to stress throughout this review the immense contributions made by Prof. J.S. Strauss in the field of sebaceous gland and acne research.

Cited by 42 publications

References 26 publications

The Role of Innate Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Acne

The Role of Innate Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Acne

Higher 17α-Hydroxyprogesterone Levels Aggravated the Severity of Male Adolescent Acne in Northeast China

Genome Sequence and Analysis of aPropionibacterium acnesBacteriophage

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