The Second Order Nonlinear Susceptibility of Quantum Confined Semiconductors—A Single Dot Study

Winter, Shoshana; Zieliński, Marcin; Chauvat, Dominique; Zyss, Joseph; Oron, Dan

doi:10.1021/jp111790t

Cited by 24 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For ZnO, with the point group symmetry 6mm and invariant for rotation about theẑ axis, the number of independent nonvanishing coefficient reduces to three d 15 …”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the first observation of the SHG 9 several studies are reported on the materials with large second order nonlinearity. 8,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] The second order nonlinear optical properties in semiconductor nanostructures associated with the interband transitions (between the levels of different bands) and the intraband transitions (between levels of the same band) have been studied by several authors. 8,20,21 The second order nonlinearity has potential applications such as in harmonic generation, biological imaging, and nonlinear optical microscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the studies on the second order nonlinear processes are reported using quantum wells 16,[22][23][24] and only fewer reports have used quantum wires 25 and quantum dots (QDs). 8,[13][14][15][26][27][28] The first demonstration of the nonlinearity associated with the intersublevel (ISL) transitions in quantum well was reported by Fejer et al 29 Later on Sauvage et al 8 observed the SHG from the ISL transitions of the conduction band states in QDs. The reasons for the growing interest in the second order nonlinear process associated with QDs are three fold; first the similarities between atoms and QD structures with size-tunable atomic like properties which offer an opportunity to manipulate the nonlinear optical responses by tailoring the energy states and the strength of transitions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 ZnO owing to its non-centrosymmetric uniaxial crystal structure possesses second order nonlinear coefficient of the order of 10 −12 m/V. 31 It possesses 6mm point group symmetry and under Kleinmann symmetry condition, it has only two, d 15 and d 33 nonvanishing coefficients of second order susceptibility tensor. 32 Furthermore, these coefficients are related to each other via |d 33 | = 2d 15 , hence the investigation is limited to a single coefficient d 15 only.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31 It possesses 6mm point group symmetry and under Kleinmann symmetry condition, it has only two, d 15 and d 33 nonvanishing coefficients of second order susceptibility tensor. 32 Furthermore, these coefficients are related to each other via |d 33 | = 2d 15 , hence the investigation is limited to a single coefficient d 15 only. It makes ZnO nanostructures suitable for the realization of nonlinear optical devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quadrupole second harmonic generation and sum-frequency generation in ZnO quantum dots

2015

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The second harmonic generation (SHG) and the sum frequency generation (SFG) processes are investigated in the conduction band states of the singly charged ZnO quantum dot (QD) embedded in the HfO 2 , and the AlN matrices. With two optical fields of frequency ω p and ω q incident on the dot, we study the variation with frequency of the second order nonlinear polarization resulting in SHG and SFG, through the electric dipole and the electric quadrupole interactions of the pump fields with the electron in the dot. We obtain enhanced value of the second order nonlinear susceptibility in the dot compared to the bulk. The effective mass approximation with the finite confining barrier is used for obtaining the energy and wavefunctions of the quantized confined states of the electron in the conduction band of the dot. Our results show that both the SHG and SFG processes depend on the dot size, the surrounding matrix and the polarization states of the pump beams. C 2015 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. [http://dx

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“…For ZnO, with the point group symmetry 6mm and invariant for rotation about theẑ axis, the number of independent nonvanishing coefficient reduces to three d 15 …”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Quadrupole second harmonic generation and sum-frequency generation in ZnO quantum dots

2015

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Performance and Quality Characterization of the Reference MNA Nonlinear Optical Molecular Crystal by Pockels Electrooptic Confocal Microscopy

Hajj

Melanson

Desforges

et al. 2015

Advanced Optical Materials

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search within this otherwise embarrassingly rich reservoir, via soundly established molecular engineering guidelines at both molecular and macroscopic material scale. Their resulting higher nonlinear coeffi cients, [ 3 ] as well as their inherently low dielectric constant further points out the interest of this family of materials. Whereas poled polymers provide the advantage of an eased fabrication for large areas fi lms with mechanical fl exibility of interest for some applications, the dilution and inherent statistical disorder of the embedded nonlinear dyes are a price to pay, which make organic crystals worthy of attention for complementary reasons. Indeed, their growth is more laborious and still an active domain of research, but they cannot be matched in terms of their optimal compaction [ 4 ] due to the absence of dilution of molecular units in crystalline structures. Moreover, their frozen structure resulting from an interplay between intermolecular forces, ensures better stability then that of externally poled structures which are prone to the relaxation of the average molecular orientation with time. In the wake of these advantages, research on quadratic nonlinear organic crystals, including electrooptic ones, has remained an active area, all the way to sophisticated devices such as high Q ring modulators. [ 5 ] Moreover, thin fi lm formatting and the related growth processes have attracted particular interest in view of ultrafast applications [ 6 ] and more recently of Terahertz generation or detection. [ 7 ] Whereas such materials as 4-N , N -dimethylamino-4′-N ′-methyl-stilbazolium tosylate which belongs to the subclass of organic molecular salts [ 8 ] has been shown to reach fi gures of merits of a few hundreds of pm V −1 , MNA (2-methyl-4-nitroaniline) has been an early-on and quite successful candidate, which is a direct spin-off from the basic para-nitroaniline (pNA) molecular diode template, which has served as the main pool for nonlinear structures since the seventies. Whereas a wealth of fundamental and more applied studies had been devoted throughout the eighties and nineties to this class of materials and properties, a revival has been experienced from the end of the last century as a result of the advent of nanophotonics and the need to develop new nanoscale nonlinear crystals and labels for physics and biophysics, among which molecular nanocrystals appear as natural "second-generation" candidates. [ 9 ] In parallel, new characterization and imaging techniques capable to follow up with the downscaling of materials and to allow for their characterization, [ 10 ] bothThe recently proposed Pockels linear electrooptical microscopy is being applied to a quality and performance characterization of the 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline quadratic nonlinear optical molecular crystal down to confocal microscope resolution. Samples are grown between electrodes in single-fi lm format. The dominant electrooptic tensor coeffi cient is determined and the distribution of the electric fi eld is mapped so as to ch...

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Correlating Fluorescence Intermittency and Second‐Harmonic Generation in Single‐Colloidal Semiconductor Nanoplatelets

Rosenberg

Oron

2023

Advanced Photonics Research

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While most single‐nanocrystal spectroscopy experiments rely on fluorescent emission, recent years have seen an increasing number of experiments based on absorption and scattering, enabling to correlate those with fluorescence intermittency. Herein, it is shown that nonlinear scattering by second‐harmonic generation can also be measured from single CdSe/CdS core/shell nanoplatelets (NPLs) alongside fluorescence despite the weak scattering signal. It is shown that even under resonant two‐photon conditions the second‐harmonic scattering signal is uncorrelated with fluorescence intermittency and follows Poisson statistics.

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The Second Order Nonlinear Susceptibility of Quantum Confined Semiconductors—A Single Dot Study

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Quadrupole second harmonic generation and sum-frequency generation in ZnO quantum dots

Quadrupole second harmonic generation and sum-frequency generation in ZnO quantum dots

Performance and Quality Characterization of the Reference MNA Nonlinear Optical Molecular Crystal by Pockels Electrooptic Confocal Microscopy

Correlating Fluorescence Intermittency and Second‐Harmonic Generation in Single‐Colloidal Semiconductor Nanoplatelets

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