The secretion of protein material in the parasympathetic submaxillary saliva

Abstract

The anim als were p h o to g rap h ed ag ain st a sq u ared background, an d p rin ts m ade w ith th e squares enlarged to th e sam e size. E ach anim al w as th e n c u t o u t from th e p rin ts an d all m o u n ted on squ ared p a p e r a n d rep h otographed. R elativ e sizes an d body proportions can be com pared. M ethod of p h o to g rap h y a n d rep ro d u ctio n as in P la te 14. 612.313The secretion of protein m aterial in the parasym pathetic subm axillary saliva This paper deals with a study of the secretion of protein material by the submaxillary gland of the cat in response to electrical stimulation of the chorda tympani nerve. In the attempt to make a more generous use of certain advantages offered by physical methods in research on the digestive glands, the submaxillary gland was chosen for the initial investigation because of the relative ease of physiological experimentation. The study is characterized by (1) the use of quantitative spectroscopic methods of analysis which permit an extension in the range of the investigation over that possible with a purely chemical procedure, and (2) the application of mathematical analysis in the interpretation of the results.

Effects of Reducing Submandibular Blood Flow on Secretory Responses to Parasympathetic Stimulation in Anaesthetized Cats

“…This suggests that reducing the blood flow diminished the efficacy of the reabsorptive process and did so to roughly the same extent as primary secretion was inhibited. The concentration of potassium in the saliva was quite constant at different frequencies, as reported previously by others (see for instance Langstroth et al 1938). Consistently higher concentrations were encountered during hypotension, no doubt due, at least in part, to the reduced flow although the extent of the mean increase in concentration (70 ± 10%) was somewhat greater than the mean decrease in flow (49 ± 4%).…”

“…It has long been known that the concentration of sodium in saliva rises with increase in flow rate (Gregersen & Ingalls, 1931;Langstroth et al 1938) a phenomenon generally attributed to a reduction in time available for reabsorption as the primary secretion passes down the ducts (Miyoshi, 1963). In the present experiments the reduction in flow of saliva, due to hypotension, produced a consistently higher salivary sodium concentration at each frequency of C-L stimulation.…”

The rate of flow and composition of various salivary secretions in sheep and calves

“…These are the only mixed mucous and serous glands of any size in the sheep. The composition of sheep submaxillary saliva and the manner in which the composition changes with the rate of secretion are similar to those found for the submaxillary glands of the dog (Gregersen & Ingalls, 1931) and cat (Langstroth, McRae & Stavraky, 1938) while the changes in the Na+: K+ ratio during sodium depletion compare with variations in the Na+: K+ ratio of human mixed saliva that are found under conditions of adrenal cortical overactivity and insufficiency (Frawley & Thorn, 1951). The volume of submaxillary saliva secreted in 24 hr was only about one eighth of that secreted by the parotid glands and, as was found by Colin (1886) and by Scheunert & Trautmann (1921), most of it was secreted during feeding periods.…”

Changes in the Permeability of the Salivary Gland Caused by Sympathetic Stimulation and by Catecholamines

“…2). This response to sympathetic stimulation was the usual finding and contrasts with the negative result of Langstroth et al (2). It seems possible that the difference is due to the use of an induction coil by these authors, with the higher frequency of stimulation leading to the rapid development of synaptic block.…”