The seedfly Ophiomyia lantanae and other factors responsible for reducing germination in Lantana camara forms found in Natal

Graaff, J.L.

doi:10.1016/s0254-6299(16)32625-4

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Thus frugivores may also have had a similar effect on germination (albeit it more delayed for Dark-capped Bulbuls and Speckled Mousebirds). The low germination of L. camara seeds is similar to trends in other studies (Spies 1983(Spies -1984Graaff 1987;Sahu and Panda 1998) and may be attributed to dormancy, low viability (Graaff 1987), or possibly meiotic instability (Spies 1983(Spies -1984. Germination deficits may be offset by low seedling mortality (Sahu and Panda 1998), and/or prolific sexual and vegetative reproduction (Graaff 1987;Swarbrick et al 1995).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…These drupes have a thin, waxy exocarp and pulpy mesocarp surrounding a single, oval seed, 2-4 mm long (Parsons and Cuthbertson 2001), containing 1-2 embryos (Sharma et al 2005). In South Africa L. camara fruits year round (Graaff 1987), setting an average of 856 seeds/plant/year (Spies 1983(Spies -1984. Birds are the main dispersers , facilitating long-distance dispersal and the invasion of new areas (Cronk and Fuller 1995).…”

Section: Plant Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of avian frugivores in germination of seeds of fleshy-fruited invasive alien plants

2011

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Many highly invasive plant species have fleshy fruits which are eaten by native frugivorous animals. These frugivores play an important role in long-distance seed dispersal, and may also affect germination success. The aim of this study was to determine whether generalist frugivores enhance or decrease seed germination of invasive alien species through pulp removal or seed coat abrasion, besides serving as dispersal agents. Fruits of four fleshyfruited invasive alien plant species, namely Solanum mauritianum, Cinnamomum camphora, Lantana camara and Psidium guajava, were fed to three generalist avian frugivorous species, which have been observed feeding on these fruits in the wild. Seed retention time was recorded as this affects dispersal distance and the duration that seeds are exposed to the effects of the gut. Seeds removed from excreta, seeds from manually de-pulped fruit, and whole fruit were planted in soil trays housed in a greenhouse. Daily germination counts were done. Seed retention times differed significantly between bird species for all fruits, except those of C. camphora. However, all frugivores had a similar effect on the germination success of seeds of S. mauritianum, L. camara and P. guajava, showing that gut retention time was not important. Germination of seeds from manually de-pulped fruits did not differ from that of ingested seeds of all plant species, suggesting that seed coat abrasion was also not important. Pulp removal resulted in significantly higher germination rates, both in the two species with larger, multi-seeded fruit (S. mauritianum and P. guajava), and in the two species having single-seeded fruit with waxy exocarps (C. camphora and L. camara). Pulp removal also resulted in significantly earlier germination of L. camara and P. guajava seeds. Therefore, frugivores not only accelerate dispersal, but also greatly enhance seed germination of all fleshy-fruited invasive alien species in this study.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Plant Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of avian frugivores in germination of seeds of fleshy-fruited invasive alien plants

2011

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“…Thakur et al (1992) recorded low rates of germination (0-15%) for both groups in India. Conversely, Graaff (1987) recorded germination rates of 0-42% for fly-infested fruit and 0-73% for uninfested fruit in South Africa. The germination rate of uninfested samples was also low (Graaff, 1987).…”

Section: Effect On Fruit Productionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Research on the effects of flower-and fruit-feeding insects has focused exclusively on the germination rates of fruit infested by O. lantanae (Perkins and Swezey, 1924;Graaff, 1987;Thakur et al, 1992;Muniappan et al, 1996;Broughton, 1999b). Perkins conducted the earliest of these experiments in Hawaii.…”

Section: Effect On Fruit Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Evaluation of Lantana Biocontrol Programs

Broughton

2000

Biological Control

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“…Numerous herbicide treatments can be used and are said to be effective by Graaff (1987) when applied as a foliar spray or to the base of the stems and cut stumps. According to Swarbrick et al (1995), some herbicides (belonging to the phenoxy acid and benzoic acid) can be effective on Lantana camara L control and removal.…”

Section: Application Of Chemicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Lantana camara L. Shrub in Ethiopia: Ecology, Threat, and Suggested Management Strategies

Abebe¹

2018

JAS

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Lantana camara L. is one of the worst invasive alien species that are categorized worldwide. The objective of this review paper was to review the dispersal and threats posed by Lantana camara L. in Ethiopia and based on review results, to suggest management strategies that can bring solutions to the threats posed by the weed. Both biological characteristics of Lantana camara L. and its dispersal agents have contributed to the success of its dispersal. Even though Lantana camara L. is dispersed in other places within Ethiopia, Debrezeit, Dire Dawa, Harar and Somali are the hotspot areas for the weed. Biodiversity and potential agricultural loss, human and animal health problems and infestation in national parks are the identified threats that Lantana camara L. posed within the country. Utilization of Lantana camara L. for various purposes, prevention of its further dispersal into non-infected areas, use of fire, mechanical and biological control and awareness creation are the suggested management strategies that can bring solutions to the threats posed by the weed within the country.

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The seedfly Ophiomyia lantanae and other factors responsible for reducing germination in Lantana camara forms found in Natal

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

The role of avian frugivores in germination of seeds of fleshy-fruited invasive alien plants

The role of avian frugivores in germination of seeds of fleshy-fruited invasive alien plants

Review and Evaluation of Lantana Biocontrol Programs

Invasive Lantana camara L. Shrub in Ethiopia: Ecology, Threat, and Suggested Management Strategies

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