The Selection of Native and Invasive Plants by Frugivorous Birds in Maine

Drummond, Brie A.

doi:10.1656/1092-6194(2005)012[0033:tsonai]2.0.co;2

Cited by 40 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It may be that Lonicera fruits make up a significant portion of the diets of birds in our area, and dispersal is generally high in all habitats. Fruits of L. morrowii are sugary and may provide an important energetic resource for certain frugivores during the autumn and winter (Witmer and Van Soest 1998), as the fruits of the invasive L. tatarica do in other areas of North America (Drummond 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition of exotic bird-dispersed seeds into three habitats of a fragmented landscape in the northeastern United States

McCay

Czajka

2008

Plant Ecol

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Dispersal by frugivorous birds facilitates invasion by many exotic plants. We measured the seed rain of ornithochorous native and exotic plants at three habitats of a fragmented landscape of the northeastern United States for 1 year. We studied maple-beech forests, old fields, and abandoned conifer plantations. Across all sites we collected 2,196 ornithochorous seeds, including seeds from six exotic species and 10 native species. The majority (90%) of collected seeds were from exotic species. Seed dispersal was broadly similar among habitats, though seed rain of exotic species was higher in old fields than forested habitats. Seed rain was not strongly influenced by artificial perches for most species. However, seeds of exotic species were more commonly found in traps under an artificial perch in old fields. Seed rains for the exotic Elaeagnus umbellata, Rhamnus cathartica, and Rosa multiflora were positively associated with local density of mature plants. Seed rain of R. cathartica was positively associated with abundance of seedlings but not saplings, suggesting that post-dispersal mortality was important. Seed dispersal of the exotic Lonicera spp. was high in all habitats, accounting for 66% of all seeds collected. With the exception of Lonicera spp., seed rain of common exotic invaders was affected by the abundance of seed sources, and these species might be effectively controlled by elimination of local fruiting plants. Fruits of Lonicera morrowii, which has extensively invaded our area, are apparently a common component in the diet of frugivores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition of exotic bird-dispersed seeds into three habitats of a fragmented landscape in the northeastern United States

McCay

Czajka

2008

Plant Ecol

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“…Comparisons of fruit removal revealed that frugivores favored fruits of dogwood and honeysuckle in the late summer and early fall, respectively, but did not differentiate between fruits of multiflora rose and viburnum during choice trials. Even though the fruit of native plants had significantly higher caloric content than the invasive plants, native fruits were not consumed more frequently (Drummond 2005). Another study comparing frugivory rates on two shrubs, the native American holly and the invasive bittersweet, found no difference in fruit removal between the two species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of invasive shrub honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) and forest composition on bird communities in woodland stands.

Lynch

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Invasive species pose a threat to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems by decreasing biodiversity (Didham et al. 2005). The mechanism by which invasive species negatively impact environments is typically through either the direct effect of increased dominance or the indirect effect of territory modification. Invasive plant species have the potential to affect both other flora and fauna when grown out of cultivation. Amur bush honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) was brought to the United States from northeast Asia in 1898 as an ornamental plant intended for land restoration and to provide habitat for birds (Luken and Thieret 1996). The woody shrub has since escaped cultivation and is currently considered invasive in 27 states according to the USDA. Its early leaf phenology, production of copious red berries, allelopathic effects, and morphological plasticity provide Amur honeysuckle with a competitive advantage over native plants (Ingold and Craycraft 1983;Luken and Thieret 1996; McEwan et al. 2010). tree diversity, percent canopy cover, and mean tree height of forest stands will negatively correlate with honeysuckle density because of the life history traits of honeysuckle; 3b) the extent of anthropogenic influence will positively correlate with honeysuckle density because of the potential affinity of honeysuckle for more disturbed, urbanized habitats.In order to test the hypotheses, thirteen forest stands within the Louisville Metropolitan Area were selected. They had similar tree composition but varied in density of honeysuckle [six forest stands with Lonicera maackii present and seven stands with little to no honeysuckle]. Vegetation surveys and an assessment of anthropogenic impact were conducted at all stands. Bird surveys were performed at each stand once every vi season for two years by walking a one-kilometer trail and identifying birds visually and acoustically within 20 meters of either side of the trail. Multiple regression analyses using PROC MIXED of SAS examined the effects of honeysuckle density, tree diversity, mean tree height, percent canopy cover, and extent of anthropogenic influence on bird diversity (Goodnight 2015). Honeysuckle density (p = 0.0208) and anthropogenic influence (p = 0.0439) significantly negatively impacted bird diversity but these effects did not significantly vary seasonally. Urbanized forest stands cannot support a wide variety of bird species but rather only species adapted to urban conditions. As predicted, bird diversity had a positive correlation with percent canopy cover and mean tree height.However, these effects were not significant.Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination was used to quantify compositional aspects of forest stands into axis values to visualize the effects of honeysuckle density on bird species and families. Effects of the representative values of compositional components (axes) and honeysuckle density on abundance of the most abundant birds observed during the study and on bird families were analyzed using generalized Poisson regression for e...

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“…Indeed, some invasive plants were originally planted for wildlife forage (Dyess et al 1994;Ehrenfeld 1997;Handley 1945;Steavenson 1946). L. tatarica was even found to be preferentially selected by frugivores (Drummond 2005). Long distance dispersal and ability to invade canopy gaps by species such as A. altissima may also explain presence in forest interiors (Knapp and Canham 2000;Landenberger et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Panax-centric view of invasive species

Wixted

McGraw

2008

Biol Invasions

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Plant-centric sampling provides a novel approach to quantifying the potential impact of invasive species on native plant species. The aim of this study was to determine the level of exposure of individuals and populations of Panax quinquefolius to invasive plant species using this approach in thirty natural ginseng populations. A high level of invasion was found with 63-70% of ginseng populations containing at least one invasive species. Approximately one-third of all individuals were found in close proximity to invasive plants. The most prevalent invasive species were Rosa multiflora and Berberis thunbergii. The exposure to invasives of plants in different size classes varied among populations. Invasive species presence increased with greater ginseng population sizes and presence of harvest. The abundance of invasives plants within forest interiors near this valuable medicinal herb suggests that the economic and ecological costs of competitive interactions with native species could be high.

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The Selection of Native and Invasive Plants by Frugivorous Birds in Maine

Cited by 40 publications

References 23 publications

Deposition of exotic bird-dispersed seeds into three habitats of a fragmented landscape in the northeastern United States

Deposition of exotic bird-dispersed seeds into three habitats of a fragmented landscape in the northeastern United States

Effects of invasive shrub honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) and forest composition on bird communities in woodland stands.

A Panax-centric view of invasive species

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