The Self-Control Construct in the General Theory of Crime: An Investigation in Terms of Personality Psychology

Investigating the theoretical construct and invariance of the self-control scale using confirmatory factor analysis

“…Similar findings and support for the unitary dimension of the Grasmick et al (1993) scale were given by a number of other researchers (e.g., Burton, Evans, Cullen, Olivares, & Dunaway, 1999;Gibbs, Giever, & Higgins, 2003;LaGrange & Silverman, 1999;Nagin & Paternoster, 1993;Piquero, MacIntosh, & Hickman, 2000;Romero, Gomez-Fraguela, Luengo, & Sobral, 2003;Wood, Pfefferbaum, & Arneklev, 1993). The extent of the evidence was such that it became accepted practice to aggregate the scores into a composite measure of self-control (e.g., Blackwell & Piquero, 2005;Burton, Cullen, Evans, Alarid, & Dunaway, 1998;Deng, 1994;Longshore, 1998).…”

A Culturally Nuanced Test of Gottfredson and Hirschi’s ‘‘General Theory’’: Dimensionality and Generalizability in Japan and the United States

“…The same causal relationship is reported in nations other than the United States. Data collected both in the West (e.g., Marcus, 2003;Nakhaie, Silverman, & LaGrange, 2000;Romero et al, 2003) and in Asia (e.g., Hwang & Akers, 2003;Vazsonyi, Wittekind, et al, 2004) confirm the significant effects of low self-control on criminal and deviant behaviors. Most recently, Vazsonyi, Wittekind, et al (2004) have merged surveys conducted in Japan and the United States to test the prediction derived from the theory that the effects of self-control on various deviance measures are invariant across cultures.…”

“…To date, many studies (e.g., Arneklev, Grasmick, & Bursik, 1999;Longshore, Turner, & Stein, 1996;Romero, Gomez-Fraguela, Luengo, & Sobral, 2003;Vazsonyi, Pickering, et al, 2001;Vazsonyi, Wittekind, et al, 2004) have provided evidence supporting multidimensionality of the low self-control construct. Perhaps, the first study to examine the dimensionality is the research by Longshore et al (1996) on the construct validity of the research by Grasmick et al (1993).…”

Predictive validity of self‐reported self‐control for different forms of recidivism

“…Marcus, 2003;Romero et al, 2003). These separate personality scales assess independent personality traits that, taken together, may be viewed as the actual core of "low self-control".…”