"The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy" and the Nature of Society

Krishna, Daya

doi:10.2307/2093771

Cited by 33 publications

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“…Are "Barnesian performativity" and "counterperformativity" simply new names for self-fulfilling and self-negating prophecies, which are old topics (see Merton 1948)? If, as Krishna (1971) and Barnes (1983) advocate, the notion of self-fulfilling prophecy is generalized beyond the original predominant attention to pathological forms of inference (in which the "true reality" of a social situation is over-turned by a widespread misconception, as in a sound bank failing as the result of a bank run), then the notion becomes perfectly applicable to financial markets (see, for example, MacKenzie 2001) and one which is, of course, used frequently by economists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Economics Performative? Option Theory and the Construction of Derivatives Markets

MacKenzie

2006

J Hist Econ Thought

287

239

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The thesis that economics is “performative” (Callon 1998) has provoked much interest but also some puzzlement and not a little confusion. The purpose of this article is to examine from the viewpoint of performativity one of the most successful areas of modern economics, the theory of options, and in so doing hopefully to clarify some of the issues at stake. To claim that economics is performative is to argue that it does things, rather than simply describing (with greater or lesser degrees of accuracy) an external reality that is not affected by economics. But what does economics do, and what are the effects of it doing what it does?That the theory of options is an appropriate place around which to look for performativity is suggested by two roughly concurrent developments. Since the 1950s, the academic study of finance has been transformed from a low-status, primarily descriptive activity to a high-status, analytical, mathematical, Nobel-prize-winning enterprise. At the core of that enterprise is a theoretical account of options dating from the start of the 1970s. Around option theory there has developed a large array of sophisticated mathematical analyses of financial derivatives. (A “derivative” is a contract or security, such as an option, the value of which depends upon the price of another asset or upon the level of an index or interest rate.)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Economics Performative? Option Theory and the Construction of Derivatives Markets

MacKenzie

2006

J Hist Econ Thought

287

239

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“…The concept of the self-fulfilling prophecy seems to have been derived from a more generalized conceptualization originally posited by Thomas (Thomas & Thomas, 1928) as pointed out by Merton (1948) and, more recently, Krishna (1971). Thomas's theorem as quoted by Merton (1948) is that, ''If men define situations as real, they are real in their consequences (p.…”

Section: Locus Of Control Dimensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motivational Design for Learning and Performance

Keller

2010

810

391

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), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) This book is dedicated to Cecilia PrefaceWhat are the critical components of learner motivation? What is the responsibility of a designer, instructor, counselor, coach, or parent for learner motivation? How can you determine what motivational tactics to use and when to use them?It is customary to begin a book or major article about motivation by pointing out that it is a powerful influence on performance and that it is a complex aspect of human behavior. This book is no exception in that regard. Both of these generalizations are quite true, but it is also the case that having knowledge about motivational concepts and theories is seldom sufficient for a person who is trying to design learning environments that will stimulate and sustain their students' motivation. This book has been written for people who are involved in designing or delivering instruction. This includes instructional designers, performance technologists, trainers, teachers, curriculum developers, and anyone else who is responsible for stimulating and sustaining peoples' motivation to learn. The principles and methods in this book can be used by any of these people in school settings as well as private, public, and military sector training design and delivery. Furthermore, the approaches described in this book have been used in many international settings. One final point is that there are no prerequisites for students or professionals who use this book. It assumes no background in psychological or pedagogical theory. PurposeThe aim of this book is to provide an introduction to the concept of motivational design and to then support it with knowledge of motivational concepts and theories, a systematic motivational design process, and tools to support motivational design activities. Motivational researchers have produced numerous strategies for stimulating or changing one or more specific components of learner motivation and all of them are useful within their specific area of application. However, the goal of this book is to present a generalized, systematic approach that is holistic in nature with regard to the various aspects of learner motivation. The book aims at being ''selfsufficient'' in that it provides a sufficient understanding of motivational vii concepts and theories to support the motivational design process and a thorough explanation of the design process itself.Another goal of this book is to assist the reader in understanding ...

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“…The self-fulfilling prophecy is seen by Merton as a 'nuisance' which engenders troublesome consequences in social life, though not in the world of nature. 23 In a seriously neglected paper, Daya Krishna (1974) points out that, although Merton recognises that the phenomenon of a selffulfilling prophecy is peculiar to human affairs, he fails to enquire why this is so. Had he done so, Krishna argues, Merton would have discovered that the natural world is impervious to the meanings and hypotheses which are applied to it (except in the technological sense), whereas the social world is comprised of self-reflective, conscious beings who can become aware of what is thought or postulated about them, and on the basis of which they may alter their original thoughts and actions.…”

Section: Society and The Self-fulfilling Prophecymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sociology of Anthony Giddens

Loyal¹

2015

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in 1997. My supervisor Barry Barnes was both a model academic and inspiring supervisor and he continues to be a source of encouragement and intellectual stimulation. This intellectual debt is clearly evident throughout the book. In addition, Chapter 3 contains material from a joint paper written with Barry. I would also like to thank a number of other people including friends and former colleagues for their comments and suggestions during the long gestation of this book:

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"The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy" and the Nature of Society

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Is Economics Performative? Option Theory and the Construction of Derivatives Markets

Is Economics Performative? Option Theory and the Construction of Derivatives Markets

Motivational Design for Learning and Performance

The Sociology of Anthony Giddens

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