The self-inflicted burns-Typology and its prognostic relevance in a 14-year review of self-inflicted burns in a tertiary referral centre

Moniz, Paula; Casal, Diogo; Mavioso, Carlos; Videira-Castro, José; Angélica-Almeida, Maria

doi:10.1016/j.burns.2010.07.014

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…More prevalence of self-immolation among Iranian women has also been reported in previous studies [2, 27-29]. The pattern was reverse in Portugal where it was more prevalent among men [30]. Studies in Italy and Britain also showed no difference between men and women in this regard [31, 32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Self-immolation in Iran: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Saadati

Azami-Aghdash

Heydari

et al. 2019

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Objective:To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-immolation epidemiology and characteristics in Iran. Methods:This was a systematic review and meta-analysis study. PubMed, Scopus, Web of science and Science Direct were searched for English literature and SID and Magiran for Persian in the time period of 2000 to 2016. The retrieved studies were screened and reviewed then quality assessed. Random Effect model was applied for meta-analysis. The qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis method. Results:After literature screening, 39 studies included in the analysis. Women were subject to self-immolation more than men. The rate of self-immolation estimated to be 4.5 cases in every 100,000 populations and it was the reason of 16% of hospitalized burns. The average length of hospital stay calculated to be 12.24 (95% CI: 8.85-15.59) days. The total burnt surface area was 65.3% (95% CI: 56.71-73.89). Death due to self-immolation was 62.1%. The major risk factors of self-immolation were having mental health issues, family problems and characteristics and problems in relation/communication with spouses. Conclusion:Despite the low rate of self-immolation in Iran, it comprises one sixth of the hospitalized burns. The mortality rate of self-immolation also is high and this highlights the importance of providing special care. Psychological consultations and mental health screening in the primary health care would help to prevent the self-immolation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Self-immolation in Iran: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Saadati

Azami-Aghdash

Heydari

et al. 2019

BEAT

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“…Other sources indicate that, in the western world, self-immolation accounts for 0.7–14% of all patients admitted in burns units (Garcia-Sanchez et al, 1994 ; Laloë, 2004 ; Moniz et al, 2011 ). These acts, which are not always carried out in public places (Nakae et al, 2003 ; Makhlouf et al, 2011 ), shouldn't be mistaken with voluntary scarifications by burning (Sonneborn and Vanstraelen, 1992 ; Balakrishnan et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Some Hypotheses On Suicidal Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These acts, which are not always carried out in public places (Nakae et al, 2003 ; Makhlouf et al, 2011 ), shouldn't be mistaken with voluntary scarifications by burning (Sonneborn and Vanstraelen, 1992 ; Balakrishnan et al, 2007 ). Meanwhile, they represent 0.75–2.8% of all suicide attempts (Shkrum and Johnston, 1992 ; Rothschild et al, 2001 ; Ahmadi and Ytterstad, 2007 ; Moniz et al, 2011 ). There is a strong prevalence of men among people who self-immolate (Garcia-Sanchez et al, 1994 ; Rothschild et al, 2001 ; Gauthier et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Some Hypotheses On Suicidal Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mortality rates vary from 9 to 89% (Laloë, 2004 ). Mean total body surface area (TBSA) of burns is significantly higher for men than for women (37.2 ± 27.7% vs. 23.2 ± 16.6%; p < 0.05) (Moniz et al, 2011 , p. 324). The method of self-immolation most employed is pouring highly inflammable liquids (benzine, petroleum, alcohol, and kerosene) on the clothes and setting fire to them (Hadjiiski and Todorov, 1996 ; Makhlouf et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Some Hypotheses On Suicidal Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Querulous to Suicidal: Self-immolation in Public Places as a Symbolic Response to the Feeling of Injustice

et al. 2017

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Aim: This paper sheds light on the context that leads some querulous patients to self-immolate in front of, or into, public buildings (e.g., tribunals, city halls, and employment agencies).Method: The author defines paranoid querulousness. A psychoanalytic perspective, but also a judicial and a psychiatric point of view, over querulous claimants is presented. The links between political or social claims and self-immolation are studied. The expression of suicidal thoughts voiced by four querulous subjects is analyzed. Eight examples of self-immolation are presented.Results: The querulous subjects' self-aggressive behaviors seem to be caused by a loss of hope to obtain compensation for a prejudice they allegedly suffered. Querulous individuals tend to self-immolate in front of, or into, public buildings when no answer is given to their claims. These gestures may be both a consequence of some personal distress and triggered by a difficult social or professional context.Discussion: Five sets of assumptions derived from Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalytic theories are advanced. The status of the object over which the querulous claimants wish to assert their rights is clarified. The meaning of self-aggressive gestures is outlined by making reference to the concepts of instinct for mastery, symbolic other, chain of signifiers, masochism, pleasure principle, and reality principle.Conclusion: Prevention of self-immolation could involve that members of the legal professions, social workers, civil servants, and mental health professionals in contact with querulous subjects openly show their will to listen to these claimants' voice: self-aggressive gestures might be avoided by supporting the querulous person's hope to obtain compensation for the prejudice allegedly suffered.

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