The Semantic Conception of Truth: and the Foundations of Semantics

Tarski, Alfred

doi:10.2307/2102968

Cited by 1,302 publications

(361 citation statements)

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“…21 In conclusion, the knowledge operator K is a truth operator, and of course this operator does not satisfy the principle of bivalence. Concluding, it is true both (i) that the validity of the (T) schema expresses our essential intuition about the notion of truth, and (ii) that our most common intuitive notion of truth is realistic; but the reason why (ii) holds is bivalence, not the (T) schema: the validity of the (T) schema is neutral among different intuitive notions of truth.…”

Section: Internal and Intuitive Truthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tarski seems to hold that it does. In [21] he expresses the conviction that the material adequacy condition imposed onto the definition of truth, is capable to select the classical Aristotelian notion of truth as correspondence. The conviction is not explicitly stated, but it can be inferred from the following facts: (i) In section I.…”

Section: Internal and Intuitive Truthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Be it as it may, it seems to me that this position incurs a paradox strictly analogous to the paradox of knowability. Assume (21) q ∧ ¬ K q;…”

Section: Neo-verificationist Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Paradox of Knowability from an Intuitionistic Standpoint

Usberti¹

2015

Advances in Proof-Theoretic Semantics

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An intuitionistic solution to the Paradox of Knowability is given. It consists (i) in accepting α → K α, the ordinary formalization of the principle of Radical Anti-Realism (RAR) that "Every truth is known", since, intuitionistically understood, it means that proofs are epistemically transparent; and (ii) in accepting (RAR) itself, on the basis of the fact that knowledge is an intuitionistic internal truth notion. Some neo-verificationist approaches are criticized. Finally the problem of how to frame a rational discussion between Classicism and Intuitionism is briefly discussed.

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Section: Internal and Intuitive Truthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Internal and Intuitive Truthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Paradox of Knowability from an Intuitionistic Standpoint

Usberti¹

2015

Advances in Proof-Theoretic Semantics

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“…Based on category theory (Goguen 1991), Institutions abstract from both the syntax and the semantics of a given language to focus on the satisfaction relation of models. Institutions accomplish the Tarskian satisfaction condition requiring that truth is invariant under change of notation (Tarski 1944). In contrast with Barwise's (1974) abstract model theory, Institutions apply to any-order language and to many-sorted logics.…”

Section: Using Institutions To Build Modular Semantic Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering Empirical Theories of Modular Software Systems. An Algebraic Approach

Angius

Stefaneas

2016

Synthese Library

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This paper is concerned with the construction of theories of software systems yielding adequate predictions of their target systems' computations. It is first argued that mathematical theories of programs are not able to provide predictions that are consistent with observed executions. Empirical theories of software systems are here introduced semantically, in terms of a hierarchy of computational models that are supplied by formal methods and testing techniques in computer science. Both deductive top-down and inductive bottom-up approaches in the discovery of semantic software theories are refused to argue in favour of the abductive process of hypothesising and refining models at each level in the hierarchy, until they become satisfactorily predictive. Empirical theories of computational systems are required to be modular, as modular are most software verification and testing activities. We argue that logic relations must be thereby defined among models representing different modules in a semantic theory of a modular software system. We exclude that scientific structuralism is able to define module relations needed in software modular theories. The algebraic Theory of Institutions is finally introduced to specify the logic structure of modular semantic theories of computational systems.

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“…Restating Alfred Tarski (1944), with respect to political discourse, the semantic rule "Th e utterance 'Snow is white' is true if snow is white" may be complemented by the indication of whether all of the conditions were met:…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Language and political reality: George Orwell reconsidered

Zolyan

2015

SSS

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Abstract. Th e domain of reference of political discourse is not autonomous from language; this domain is a construct generated by the discourse itself. Such an approach to the relation between language and political reality was expressed in George Orwell's novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. Concepts of modern semantics and pragmatics allow to explicate how language acts as both a form of constructing reality and a special type of social verbal behaviour. Language has become exclusively modal and intentional; any utterance expresses the relations of obligation, possibility, etc. and may be interpreted in intensional and, hence, in referentially non-opaque contexts. However, the semantics does not lose its referential force. In contrast, this force is multiplied, becoming a transworld relation. In this respect, the semantics of political discourse is akin to poetic semantics; however, the multidimensionality of the signifi ed referents is hidden because referential discourse is a precondition for eff ectiveness. Political discourse, as a description of "world as it is", presupposes a hidden reference to other modal contexts "world in the future" (or "in the past"); "how the world should be" (or "should not be"), etc. Th e domain of the interpretation of political discourse is a set of possible worlds.

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The Semantic Conception of Truth: and the Foundations of Semantics

Cited by 1,302 publications

References 0 publications

The Paradox of Knowability from an Intuitionistic Standpoint

The Paradox of Knowability from an Intuitionistic Standpoint

Discovering Empirical Theories of Modular Software Systems. An Algebraic Approach

Language and political reality: George Orwell reconsidered

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