The Semantic Web: From Representation to Realization

Abstract

Abstract. A semantically-linked web of electronic information -the Semantic Web -promises numerous benefits including increased precision in automated information sorting, searching, organizing and summarizing. Realizing this requires significantly more reliable meta-information than is readily available today. It also requires a better way to represent information that supports unified management of diverse data and diverse Manipulation methods: from basic keywords to various types of artificial intelligence, to the highest level of intelligent manipulation -the human mind. How this is best done is far from obvious. Relying solely on hand-crafted annotation and ontologies, or solely on artificial intelligence techniques, seems less likely for success than a combination of the two. In this paper describe an integrated, complete solution to these challenges that has already been implemented and tested with hundreds of thousands of users. It is based on an ontological representational level we call SemCards that combines ontological rigour with flexible user interface constructs. SemCards are machine-and human-readable digital entities that allow non-experts to create and use semantic content, while empowering machines to better assist and participate in the process. SemCards enable users to easily create semantically-grounded data that in turn acts as examples for automation processes, creating a positive iterative feedback loop of metadata creation and refinement between user and machine. They provide a holistic solution to the Semantic Web, supporting powerful management of the full lifecycle of data, including its creation, retrieval, classification, sorting and sharing. We have implemented the SemCard technology on the semantic Web site Twine.com, showing that the technology is indeed versatile and scalable. Here we present the key ideas behind SemCards and describe the initial implementation of the technology.

The RDFa Content Editor - From WYSIWYG to WYSIWYM

“…P recision = Correctly Recognized Entities Entities Recognized by the API (2) To compare the results of the different APIs, 31 articles 12 were collected in the three categories news articles, weblog posts and Wikipedia articles. For each article, the following analysis was performed:…”

“…Semantic templates as discussed in [10], [11], [12] are one technique to realize this goal. In this approach each class of the ontology has an associated template.…”

User interfaces for semantic authoring of textual content: A systematic literature review

“…Semantic templates as discussed in [6,15,63] are one technique to realize this goal. In this approach each class of the ontology has an associated template.…”

“…p Table 3 shows the list of tools discussed in our primary studies. The following tools were described in the primary studies: OntoWiki [6], SAHA [19], OWiki [15], SemCards [63], DataPress [7], RDFaCE [32], Loomp [42], Semantic MediaWiki [29], SweetWiki [9], Information Workbench [43], RDFAuthor [64], FLERSA [47], LinkedBlog [57], SemiBlog [45], HayStack semantic blogging [31], Reflect [51], Ontos-feeder [35], Epiphany [1], Linkator [3], Tabulator [8].…”

“…Among the primary studies, the majority of studies ( [6,15,42,57,63,64,43,3,47,45,35,8,29]) were only using an Example Application as their evaluation method. A few studies ( [19,9,51,1,31]) were also using the Discussion method together with an example application.…”