We investigate both left and right cancellation in the Stone-tech compactiflcation fSS of a discrete semigroup S, obtaining several results for arbitrary semigroups 5 and others for more restricted semigroups. In particular, if S is the semigroup of injective functions from a set to itself we determine precisely which pairs x, y and S have some pefiS with px = py. We also obtain several new results about right cancellation in (/?N, +).