The sense of agency in joint action: An integrative review

Loehr, Janeen D.

doi:10.3758/s13423-021-02051-3

Cited by 43 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Specifically, we focused on the contrast between joint actions, where two or more individuals coordinate their actions in space and time to achieve a joint goal (e.g., (22)), and parallel actions, where individuals act alongside each other but individually (e.g., (24)). Drawing on previous research on joint action (e.g., (20,21,32,34)), we predicted that joint action will be associated with a smaller preferred IPD compared to parallel action (H1). Additionally, based on research during the COVID-19…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Smaller preferred interpersonal distance for joint versus parallel action

Schmitz¹,

Reader²

2022

Preprint

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During social interaction, humans prefer to keep a certain distance between themselves and other individuals. This preferred “interpersonal distance” (IPD) is known to be sensitive to social context, and in the present study we aimed to further investigate the extent to which IPD is affected by the specific type of social interaction. In particular, we focused on the contrast between joint actions, where two or more individuals coordinate their actions in space and time to achieve a shared goal, and parallel actions, where individuals act alongside each other but individually. We predicted that joint action would be associated with a smaller preferred IPD compared to parallel action. Additionally, given that this research took place in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, we aimed to assess whether IPD preferences are affected by individuals’ concerns about infection in general, as well as COVID-19 in particular. We predicted that higher individual concerns would be associated with greater preferred IPD. To test these hypotheses, we asked participants to imagine different social scenarios (involving either joint or parallel actions alongside a stranger) and indicate, on a visual scale, their preferred IPD. The results of two experiments (n = 211, n = 212) showed that participants preferred a shorter distance when they imagined acting jointly compared to when they imagined acting in parallel. Moreover, participants who reported higher discomfort for potential pathogen contact and who were more aware of the COVID-19 context in which the study took place preferred a larger IPD in general. Our results provide further evidence that different types of social interaction shape IPD preference. We discuss potential reasons for this phenomenon and highlight remaining questions for future research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Smaller preferred interpersonal distance for joint versus parallel action

Schmitz¹,

Reader²

2022

Preprint

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“…An important outcome of this process is the development of "we-representations", that specify joint action outcomes at the group level [30][31][32] allowing the individual to predict, and eventually correct, the contribution of the partner's behavior to the shared goal achievement 33,34 . Individuals engaging in a collaborative activity create a sense of agency 35 through these representations, both individually ("I'm doing this") and collectively ("We're doing this together"). These effects, however, are not limited to interpersonal synchrony only, but also happen during collective action.…”

Section: Table 3: the Social Role Of Oxytocinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Searching for the Metaverse: Neuroscience of Physical and Digital Communities

Riva

Wiederhold

Mantovani

2024

Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking

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What distinguishes real-world communities from their online counterparts? Social and cognitive neuroscience research on social networks and collective intentionality will be used in the paper to answer this question.Physical communities are born in places. And places engage "we-mode" neurobiological and cognitive processes as behavioral synchrony, shared attention, deliberate attunement, inter-brain synchronization, etc., which create coherent social networks of very different individuals who are supported by a "wisdom of crowd".Digital technologies remove physical boundaries, giving people more freedom to choose their activities and groups. At the same time, however, the lack of physical co-presence of community members significantly reduces their possibility of activating "we-mode" cognitive processes and social motivation. Because of this, unlike physical communities that allows interaction between people from varied origins and stories, digital communities are always made up of people who have the same interests and knowledge (communities of practice). This new situation disrupts the "wisdom of crowd", making the community more radical and less accurate (polarization effect), allowing influential users to wield disproportionate influence over the group's beliefs, and producing inequalities in the distribution of social capital. However, a new emergent technology -the Metaverse -has the potential to reverse this trend. Several studies have revealed that virtual and augmented reality -the major technologies underlying the Metaverse -can engage the same neurobiological and cognitive "we-mode" processes as real-world environments. If the many flaws in this technology are fixed, it might encourage people to engage in more meaningful and constructive interactions in online communities. Seaching for the Metaverse: Neuroscience of Physical and Digital Communities"We are each of us angels with only one wing, and we can only fly by embracing one another.

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“…Agency refers to the sense that one is in control of their actions and the consequences of those actions. Joint agency can be defined as the sense that one’s contributions to a group product are similar in magnitude and symmetrical to the contributions of others (Pacherie, 2012; see Loehr, 2022, for an extensive review). Joint agency is more likely to arise in egalitarian groups than in hierarchical groups where the contributions of some individuals dominate, and it is positively linked with partner predictability (Bolt & Loehr, 2017), mutual rather than one-way coordination (Bolt et al, 2016), and coordination success (Bolt et al, 2016; Dell’Anna, Buhmann, et al, 2020).…”

Section: What Is Togetherness?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Focus of attention affects togetherness experiences and body interactivity in piano duos.

Bishop¹

2023

Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts

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Group music-making is a socially rewarding activity that strengthens social bonds and leads to feelings of musical togetherness, that is, feelings of musical alignment and social connection. For skilled ensemble musicians, social rewards are closely tied to the aesthetic rewards that come from achieving a high-quality performance. What playing conditions encourage or discourage togetherness experiences? The purpose of this study was to show how joint and mutual attention contribute to experiences of togetherness, and how togetherness relates to communicative body motion in classical piano duo playing. The study tests two hypotheses: (a) that attention focus affects pianists’ togetherness experiences and communicative body motion; and (b) that pianists’ body motion can index the strength of their togetherness experiences. Piano duos performed two pieces under conditions that manipulated their attention focus to encourage or discourage joint or mutual attention. Body motion data were collected using optical motion capture, and pianists rated the quality of their playing experience on a number of scales via self-report questionnaire. Results show that joint and mutual attention improved togetherness ratings, while self-directed attention decreased enjoyment. Pianists moved their bodies less when the focus was self-directed and more at the end of the session than during a baseline performance. Coupling of motion periodicities, contrary to expectations, was lower in conditions that promoted joint attention than in the baseline. The main conclusion of the study is that joint and mutual attention strengthen togetherness experiences and affect communicative body motion, but that measures of body motion provide unreliable indicators of togetherness. The study leads to a more nuanced understanding of the construct of togetherness and how it can be measured.

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The sense of agency in joint action: An integrative review

Cited by 43 publications

References 87 publications

Smaller preferred interpersonal distance for joint versus parallel action

Smaller preferred interpersonal distance for joint versus parallel action

Searching for the Metaverse: Neuroscience of Physical and Digital Communities

Focus of attention affects togetherness experiences and body interactivity in piano duos.

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