The sensitizing potential of various biocides in the guinea pig maximization test

Abstract

Biocides are chemicals used as preservatives added to most cosmetics and toiletries and to industrial water-based products such as cutting fluids, paints and glues. There are numerous biocide formulations used in water-based metalworking fluids. All these products, characterized by a low molecular weight, can react with endogenous proteins and may induce allergic contact dermatitis. Thus, numerous reports on occupational allergic contact dermatitis have been published. The purpose of this experimental study was to compare the sensitizing potential of the various classes of biocides used in metalworking fluids by means of the maximization test of Magnusson & Kligman. The results show that, from the 9 samples tested, 7 biocides induced sensitization varying in grade from moderate to strong, while 2 benzisothiazoline-based samples did not induce allergic contact dermatitis.

New evidence on the health hazards and control of metalworking fluids since completion of the OSHA advisory committee report

“…There remains continuing interest in which specific ingredients might be responsible for allergic contact dermatitis. Biocides and ethanolamines are specific concerns [le Coz, 2001;Baynes et al, 2002;Brinkmeier et al, 2002;Geier et al, 2002Geier et al, , 2003Geier et al, , 2004aGeier et al, ,b,c, 2006Isaksson, 2002;Zissu, 2002;Jensen and Andersen, 2003;Madan and Beck, 2006;Malloy et al, 2007]. Agents causing allergic contact dermatitis might also be suspected of causing respiratory sensitization after inhalation [Suuronen et al, 2007].…”

Isothiazolinone derivatives and allergic contact dermatitis: a review and update

“…4299-07-4; 2butyl-1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one). According to GPMT 88 and murine LLNA data, 89 it should be considered an irritant rather than sensitizer. In 2015, however, Dahlin et al 90 described a case of occupational hand dermatitis attributed to a BBIT-containing cooling fluid.…”

“…4299‐07‐4; 2‐butyl‐1,2‐benzisothiazolin‐3‐one). According to GPMT and murine LLNA data, it should be considered an irritant rather than sensitizer. In 2015, however, Dahlin et al .…”

Occupational diseases due to cooling fluids

“…Its composition can be variable from one Center to another, but a number of substances are really on the list of cutting fluid allergens. The most important are biocides, of which there are multiple categories [24,25].…”