The separate and combined effects of harmonic structure, phase, and FM on female preferences in the barking treefrog (Hyla gratiosa)

Da, Bodnar

doi:10.1007/bf00188160

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Follow-up studies of phonotaxis by females (Gerhardt et al, 1990) and evoked calling by males (Simmons et al, 1993), however, found that both sexes were insensitive to differences between harmonic and inharmonic calls comprised of two spectral components. These results contrast with those from a subsequent phonotaxis study of H. gratiosa (Bodnar, 1996). In this species, females were sensitive to differences between harmonic and inharmonic stimuli comprised of four spectral components, and preferences for harmonic versus inharmonic calls depended on the degree of frequency modulation in the signal.…”

Section: Auditory Scene Analysis In Hylacontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Several behavioral studies have now investigated the influence of harmonicity on hearing and sound communication in the green treefrog, H. cinerea , and its closest relative, the barking treefrog, H. gratiosa (Bodnar, 1996; Gerhardt et al, 1990; Simmons, 1988; Simmons et al, 1993). Using reflex modification, Simmons (1988) elegantly showed that males of H. cinerea had masked thresholds for detecting a two-harmonic complex tone that were about 10 dB lower than their thresholds for detecting an inharmonic tone complex.…”

Section: Auditory Scene Analysis In Hylamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this species, females were sensitive to differences between harmonic and inharmonic stimuli comprised of four spectral components, and preferences for harmonic versus inharmonic calls depended on the degree of frequency modulation in the signal. As discussed in more detail by Bodnar (1996), directly comparing the results from these studies is somewhat problematic given differences in the species investigated ( H. cinerea versus H. gratiosa ), differences in experimental approaches (e.g., reflex modification, phonotaxis, and evoked calling), and differences in the number of spectral components used to create stimuli (two versus four) and their relation to the tuning of the amphibian and basilar papillae. Based on currently available data, it thus remains uncertain whether and to what extent harmonicity functions as an auditory grouping cue in Hyla (but see Simmons and Bean, 2000).…”

Section: Auditory Scene Analysis In Hylamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treefrogs as animal models for research on auditory scene analysis and the cocktail party problem

Bee

2015

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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The perceptual analysis of acoustic scenes involves binding together sounds from the same source and separating them from other sounds in the environment. In large social groups, listeners experience increased difficulty performing these tasks due to high noise levels and interference from the concurrent signals of multiple individuals. While a substantial body of literature on these issues pertains to human hearing and speech communication, few studies have investigated how nonhuman animals may be evolutionarily adapted to solve biologically analogous communication problems. Here, I review recent and ongoing work aimed at testing hypotheses about perceptual mechanisms that enable treefrogs in the genus Hyla to communicate vocally in noisy, multi-source social environments. After briefly introducing the genus and the methods used to study hearing in frogs, I outline several functional constraints on communication posed by the acoustic environment of breeding “choruses”. Then, I review studies of sound source perception aimed at uncovering how treefrog listeners may be adapted to cope with these constraints. Specifically, this review covers research on the acoustic cues used in sequential and simultaneous auditory grouping, spatial release from masking, and dip listening. Throughout the paper, I attempt to illustrate how broad-scale, comparative studies of carefully considered animal models may ultimately reveal an evolutionary diversity of underlying mechanisms for solving cocktail-party-like problems in communication.

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Section: Auditory Scene Analysis In Hylacontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Auditory Scene Analysis In Hylamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Auditory Scene Analysis In Hylamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treefrogs as animal models for research on auditory scene analysis and the cocktail party problem

Bee

2015

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…While it could be argued that the response to higher harmonics that we observed is an artefact of the rectification displayed by some electroreceptors and might not carry any behavioral relevance, a growing amount of evidence suggests that this is not the case. Indeed, some species take into account the higher harmonics contained in a call when choosing their mate (Bodnar, 1996;Hennig, 2009) while insects can reliably track contrast-based motion patterns (Theobald et al, 2008). Further studies are needed to elucidate these important questions in the electrosensory system.…”

Section: Nonlinear Coding In the Peripheral Electrosensory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural heterogeneities influence envelope and temporal coding at the sensory periphery

Savard¹,

Krahe²,

Chacron³

2011

Neuroscience

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Peripheral sensory neurons respond to stimuli containing a wide range of spatio-temporal frequencies. We investigated electroreceptor neuron coding in the gymnotiform wave-type weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus. Previous studies used low to mid temporal frequencies (<256 Hz) and showed that electroreceptor neuron responses to sensory stimuli could be almost exclusively accounted for by linear models, thereby implying a rate code. We instead used temporal frequencies up to 425 Hz, which is in the upper behaviorally relevant range for this species. We show that electroreceptors can: (A) respond up to the highest frequencies tested and (B) display strong nonlinearities in their responses to such stimuli. These nonlinearities were manifested by the fact that the responses to repeated presentations of the same stimulus were coherent at temporal frequencies outside of those contained in the stimulus waveform. Specifically, these consisted of low frequencies corresponding to the time varying contrast or envelope of the stimulus as well as higher harmonics of the frequencies contained in the stimulus. Heterogeneities in the afferent population influenced nonlinear coding as afferents with the lowest baseline firing rates tended to display the strongest nonlinear responses. To understand the link between afferent heterogeneity and nonlinear responsiveness, we used a phenomenological mathematical model of electrosensory afferents. Varying a single parameter in the model was sufficient to account for the variability seen in our experimental data and yielded a prediction: nonlinear responses to the envelope and at higher harmonics are both due to afferents with lower baseline firing rates displaying greater degrees of rectification in their responses. This prediction was verified experimentally as we found that the coherence between the half-wave rectified stimulus and the response resembled the coherence between the responses to repeated presentations of the stimulus in our dataset. This result shows that rectification cannot only give rise to responses to low frequency envelopes but also at frequencies that are higher than those contained in the stimulus. The latter result implies that information is contained in the fine temporal structure of electroreceptor afferent spike trains. Our results show that heterogeneities in peripheral neuronal populations can have dramatic consequences on the nature of the neural code.

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“…Neither the number nor the latency of evoked vocal responses varied significantly with shifts in starting phases of the harmonics of the signals. Bodnar (1996) examined the ability of female barking treefrogs (Hyla .qratiosa) to detect changes in frequency modulation, phase spectrum, and harmonic structure of complex signals using a selective phonotaxis design. Females did not show significant preferences in two-choice tests to signals varying in phase structure alone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination of phase spectra in complex sounds by the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)

et al. 1996

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1. Male bullfrogs at two different natural calling sites were presented with playbacks of synthetic advertisement calls differing in phase spectra. Sounds were presented in a ABA design to analyze the ability of the animals to perceive changes in repeated series of stimuli. 2. The number of individual croaks in an answering call significantly increased over repeated presentations of two of the three stimulus phase types in condition A1. There were significantly fewer croaks to the third stimulus. These data suggest that two stimuli were perceived in a similar manner. 3. Latency of calling to stimuli presented in conditions A and B changed in response to shifts in phase spectrum at a low density calling site. These differences were significant when comparing latency to playbacks where shifts in the phase spectrum changed the temporal fine-structure and waveform periodicity of the stimulus. 4. The increase in number of croaks and decrease in response latency across condition A1 and the increase in latency in condition B suggest that discrimination may take the form of stimulus-specific sensitization. In this context, sensitization might reflect an increase in arousal due to repeated presentation of a salient stimulus. 4. The operation of a hypothetical 'mating call detector', based on linear summation of temporal responses from the eighth nerve, provides output similar to the behavioral results.

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The separate and combined effects of harmonic structure, phase, and FM on female preferences in the barking treefrog (Hyla gratiosa)

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Treefrogs as animal models for research on auditory scene analysis and the cocktail party problem

Treefrogs as animal models for research on auditory scene analysis and the cocktail party problem

Neural heterogeneities influence envelope and temporal coding at the sensory periphery

Discrimination of phase spectra in complex sounds by the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)

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