The Separation of Rare Earths by Ion Exchange.<sup>1,2</sup> II. Neodymium and Praseodymium

Spedding, F. H.; Voigt, A.F.; Gladrow, E.; Sleight, N. R.; Powell, J.E.; Wright, J.M.; Butler, T.A.; Figard, P.

doi:10.1021/ja01203a060

Cited by 70 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Early examples include the separation of rare earth elements (Harris and Tompkins, 1947;Ketelle and Boyd, 1947;Marinsky et al, 1947;Spedding et al, 1947aSpedding et al, , 1947b, separation of sodium and potassium (Cohn andKohn, 1948, Schubert, 1949) and amino acids (Cleaver and Cassidy, 1950).…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of platinum, palladium and rhodium from acidic chloride leach solution using ion exchange resins

2015

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ÔØ Å ÒÙ× Ö ÔØRecovery of platinum, palladium and rhodium from acidic chloride leach solution using ion exchange resins This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the applicability and performance of the selected ion exchangers with different physicochemical characteristics and functional groups to simultaneously recover three different platinum group elements (PGE), platinum(IV), palladium(II) and rhodium(III), present in a chloride solution produced by the leaching of spent automotive catalysts. The tested ion exchangers included a resin with a quaternary ammonium functional group (Lewatit MonoPlus (M+) MP 600), a resin with a polyamine functional group (Purolite S985) and a resin with a thiouronium functional group (XUS 43600.00). The study also focused on the achievable desorption from the loaded resins using different eluent systems. The leach solution was chlorine-saturated and contained 2.35 mol/L hydrochloric acid, platinum and palladium in concentrations of 0.13 mmol/L, and rhodium 0.03 mmol/L. It was found that XUS 43600.00 showed the best adsorption performance for platinum(IV) and palladium(II) chloride complexes among the investigated resins, but weak affinity for rhodium(III) chloride complexes was observed for all three resins. The adsorption kinetics were found to obey the Ho pseudo-second order expression. For Lewatit MonoPlus (M+) MP 600 and Purolite S985 the adsorption was best described by the Freundlich isotherm, while for XUS 43600.00 the Langmuir isotherm was more apt. Desorption of the PGE was examined using four different elution agents: sodium thiocyanate (2 mol/L); hydrochloric acid (2 mol/L); thiourea (1 mol/L) in hydrochloric acid (2 mol/L); and thiourea(1 mol/L) in sodium hydroxide (2 mol/L). The results showed that platinum and palladium can be fully eluted with the acidic thiourea but desorption of rhodium proved difficult with all the eluents.

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Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of platinum, palladium and rhodium from acidic chloride leach solution using ion exchange resins

2015

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“…This procedure simplifies the EDTA elution that requires the use the retaining ions such as Cu and Zn (exist as Cu-EDTA and Zn-EDTA complexes), reported widely in Refs. [14][15][16]. No retaining ions were used in this study.…”

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Preparation of High Purity Neodymium Oxide from Brazilian Monazite by Ion Exchange

Queiroz¹,

Seneda²,

Filho³

2015

JEPE

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Abstract:A simple and economical chemical process for obtaining high purity neodymium oxide is discussed. The raw material in the form of RE (rare earth) carbonates is produced industrially in Brazil from monazite. Using this concentrate as the feed material, ion exchange with a strong cationic resin, commonly used for water treatment, and without the use of retention ions was used for the fractionating of the REE (rare earth elements). The eluent was ammonium salt of EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) at pH 4.0. The complex of EDTA-neodymium was transformed into neodymium oxides via oxalate precipitation. We produced 99.9% pure Nd 2 O 3 in yields greater than or equal to 80%. Molecular absorption spectrophotometry was used to monitor the neodymium content during the process and sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to certify the purity of the neodymium oxides. The typical neodymium oxides obtained contained the followings contaminants in micrograms per gram: Sc

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“…arly use of large scale low pressure chromatography came from developments in Manhattan Project and the fractionation of petroleum distillates and the separation of sugars [2][3][4]. The development of high performance p rocess ch ro m at ograp hy for industrial or manu fa c t u ri n g applications has steadily evolved over the last 10 years.…”

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Development and optimization of industrial scale chromatography for use in manufacturing

Katti¹,

Jagland²

1998

Analusis

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Early use of large scale low pressure chromatography came from developments in Manhattan Project and the fractionation of petroleum distillates and the separation of sugars [2][3][4]. The development of high performance p rocess ch ro m at ograp hy for industrial or manu fa c t u ri n g applications has steadily evolved over the last 10 years. The growth of the pharmaceutical industry and the need to develop and manufacture high purity bulk pharmaceutical products created a demand for the use of chromatography as a manufacturing unit operation [5][6][7][8]. The commercialization of large scale integrated equipment with pumps, c o l u m n s and detectors and improved packing media, has provided an ava i l able supply of hardwa re to meet the demand [9][10][11][12][13][14]. Recently, the entry of many new manufacturers of columns, packing media, industrial detectors and automation software i n c reased the selection of ch ro m at ograp hy equipment. However, this also requires a greater understanding of the issues surrounding making choices of equipment and packing media.The developments in the science of chromatography have brought to the literature many technical issues which could be used to improve the economics of chromatography as a unit operation. The development of mechanical strong packing media improves the media lifetime in compression systems by reducing or eliminating crushing wh i ch leads to higher pressure drop [15,16]. The understanding of the existence of an optimum particle size squared over bed length which maximizes the production rate and understanding that separations with lower retention factors at constant separation factor have a greater throughput are important steps in development of the chromatographic process for manufacturing purposes [17,18]. Rules of thumb have been described to calculate the optimum value of d p 2 /L [19]. Methods have been developed for packing high efficiency axial compression columns [20][21][22]. Many advances have been made in understanding the science behind optimizing the operating conditions in isocratic elution, gradient elution and displacement chromatography [23][24][25][26]. The negative impact of large tubing volumes which degrade the separation have also been investigated [27]. Assessment of the economic factors for chromatographic unit operations have also been brought forward. For example, the identification of solvent costs as a large fraction of the total operating costs has brought on the development of recycle methodologies and further economic considerations regarding the choice of mobile phase [28,29].The discovery, development and use of chromatographic p rocesses for manu fa c t u ring invo l ve taking into account nu m e rous issues. The discove ry stage typically invo l ve s selection of a mobile phase and stat i o n a ry phase system which meets a minimum performance requirement for the unit operation and for the process. The selection of a chromatographic solvent system typically takes into consideration compatibility with the previous ...

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The Separation of Rare Earths by Ion Exchange.^1,2 II. Neodymium and Praseodymium

Cited by 70 publications

References 0 publications

Recovery of platinum, palladium and rhodium from acidic chloride leach solution using ion exchange resins

Recovery of platinum, palladium and rhodium from acidic chloride leach solution using ion exchange resins

Preparation of High Purity Neodymium Oxide from Brazilian Monazite by Ion Exchange

Development and optimization of industrial scale chromatography for use in manufacturing

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The Separation of Rare Earths by Ion Exchange.1,2 II. Neodymium and Praseodymium

Cited by 70 publications

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Recovery of platinum, palladium and rhodium from acidic chloride leach solution using ion exchange resins

Recovery of platinum, palladium and rhodium from acidic chloride leach solution using ion exchange resins

Preparation of High Purity Neodymium Oxide from Brazilian Monazite by Ion Exchange

Development and optimization of industrial scale chromatography for use in manufacturing

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The Separation of Rare Earths by Ion Exchange.^1,2 II. Neodymium and Praseodymium