The overexpression of the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), a key role in
the development of insulin resistance, diabetes (T2DM) and obesity, seems to have a substantial
impact as a negative regulator of the insulin and leptin signaling pathways. Therefore, inhibiting
PTP1B is a prospective therapeutic approach for the treatment of diabetes and obesity. However,
the pyrazole scaffold is expected to be of significant pharmaceutical interest due to its broad
spectrum of pharmacological actions. This study aims to focus on the significance of pyrazole
scaffold in medicinal chemistry, the impact of PTP1B in diabetes and the therapeutic approach
of pyrazole scaffold to treat T2DM. A comprehensive analysis of the published literature in several
pharmaceutical and medical databases, such as the Web of Science (WoS), PubMed, ResearchGate,
ScienceDirect etc., were indeed successfully completed and classified accordingly
Results::
As reviewed, the various derivatives of the pyrazole scaffold exhibited prominent
PTP1B inhibitory activity. The result showed that derivatives of oxadiazole and dibenzyl amine,
chloro substituents, 1, 3-diaryl pyrazole derivatives with rhodanine-3-alkanoic acid groups,
naphthalene and also 1, 3, 5-triazine-1H-pyrazole-triazolothiadiazole derivatives, octyl and
tetradecyl derivative, indole- and N-phenylpyrazole-glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives with trifluoromethyl
group, 2,3-pyrazole ring-substituted-4,4-dimethyl lithocholic acid derivatives with 4-
fluoro phenyl substituted and additional benzene ring in the pyrazole scaffold significantly inhibits
PTP1B. In silico study observed that pyrazole scaffold interacted with amino acid residues
like TYR46, ASP48, PHE182, TYR46, ALA217 and ILE219. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder
that elevates the risk of mortality and severe complications. PTP1B is a crucial component in the
management of diabetes and obesity. As a result, PTP1B is a promising therapeutic target for the
treatment of T2DM and obesity in humans. We concluded that the pyrazole scaffold has prominent
inhibitory potential against PTP1B.