The severity of denture stomatitis as related to risk factors and different  Candida  spp.

Perić, Mirjana; Živković, Rade; Milić‐Lemić, Aleksandra; Radunović, Milena; Miličić, Biljana; Arsenijevic, Valentina Arsić

doi:10.1016/j.oooo.2018.03.003

Cited by 31 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The classification system is composed of three main clinical types: (I) pin-point erythema of the palatal mucosa, (II) diffuse erythema of the palatal mucosa, and (III) granular-type inflammatory papillary hyperplasia [89]. Studies demonstrated that patients who harbor mixed Candida species biofilms have an approximate five-fold increased risk of more severe disease (Newton's type III DS), whereas patients solely colonized by C. albicans are three times as likely to manifest with less severe disease (Newton's type I DS) [90]. Importantly, the type of denture material strongly influences biofilm development with acrylic dentures incurring a five-fold increase risk of DS as compared to metallic dentures [91].…”

Section: Denture Wearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Candidiasis: A Disease of Opportunity

Vila

Sultan

Montelongo-Jauregui

et al. 2020

JoF

309

241

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Oral candidiasis, commonly referred to as “thrush,” is an opportunistic fungal infection that commonly affects the oral mucosa. The main causative agent, Candida albicans, is a highly versatile commensal organism that is well adapted to its human host; however, changes in the host microenvironment can promote the transition from one of commensalism to pathogen. This transition is heavily reliant on an impressive repertoire of virulence factors, most notably cell surface adhesins, proteolytic enzymes, morphologic switching, and the development of drug resistance. In the oral cavity, the co-adhesion of C. albicans with bacteria is crucial for its persistence, and a wide range of synergistic interactions with various oral species were described to enhance colonization in the host. As a frequent colonizer of the oral mucosa, the host immune response in the oral cavity is oriented toward a more tolerogenic state and, therefore, local innate immune defenses play a central role in maintaining Candida in its commensal state. Specifically, in addition to preventing Candida adherence to epithelial cells, saliva is enriched with anti-candidal peptides, considered to be part of the host innate immunity. The T helper 17 (Th17)-type adaptive immune response is mainly involved in mucosal host defenses, controlling initial growth of Candida and inhibiting subsequent tissue invasion. Animal models, most notably the mouse model of oropharyngeal candidiasis and the rat model of denture stomatitis, are instrumental in our understanding of Candida virulence factors and the factors leading to host susceptibility to infections. Given the continuing rise in development of resistance to the limited number of traditional antifungal agents, novel therapeutic strategies are directed toward identifying bioactive compounds that target pathogenic mechanisms to prevent C. albicans transition from harmless commensal to pathogen.

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Section: Denture Wearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Candidiasis: A Disease of Opportunity

Vila

Sultan

Montelongo-Jauregui

et al. 2020

JoF

309

241

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In addition to C. albicans, cases of symptomatic DS involving NAC species have been increasingly reported. Among patients diagnosed with Candida-associated DS, NAC species are detected in approximately 30%-40% of patients, most commonly C. glabrata, C. tropicalis or C. krusei [112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119]. Recent studies indicated that the severity of DS was associated with the presence of mixed-Candida species, particularly C. tropicalis with the highest degree of palatal inflammation [117,118].…”

Section: Class 5 Denture Stomatitis: Damage Occurs Across the Spectrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying the Host-Microbe Damage Response Framework to Candida Pathogenesis: Current and Prospective Strategies to Reduce Damage

Fidel

Yano

Esher

et al. 2020

JoF

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Disease is a complex outcome that can occur as a result of pathogen-mediated damage, host-mediated damage or both. This has led to the revolutionary concept of the damage response framework (DRF) that defines microbial virulence as a function of host immunity. The DRF outlines six scenarios (classes) of host damage or beneficial outcomes, depending on the microbe and the strength of the immune response. Candida albicans is uniquely adapted to its human host and can exist as either a commensal, colonizing various anatomical sites without causing notable damage, or as a pathogen, with the ability to cause a diverse array of diseases, ranging from mucosal to invasive systemic infections that result in varying levels of microbe-mediated and/or host-mediated damage. We recently categorized six different forms of candidiasis (oropharyngeal, hematogenous, intra-abdominal, gastrointestinal, denture stomatitis, and vulvovaginitis) into independent DRF classes, supporting a contemporary view of unique mechanisms of pathogenesis for these Candida infections. In this review, we summarize the evidence for the pathogenesis of these various forms of candidiasis in the context of the DRF with the further intent to provide insights into strategies to achieve a level of host response or outcome otherwise, that limits host damage.

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“…Oral candidiasis results from the excessive proliferation of fungi of the genus Candida , which can extensively colonize biotic and abiotic surfaces upon breaking the homeostatic balance . Patients who use dental prostheses commonly present oral candidiasis associated with their dentures …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose supplementation effect on the acidogenicity, viability, and extracellular matrix of Candida single‐ and dual‐species biofilms

Bezerra

Brito

Medeiros

et al. 2019

J of Invest & Clin Dent

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Aim Evidence of glucose supplementation effect on Candida biofilm metabolism has not been demonstrated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of glucose concentration on Candida biofilms. Methods Single‐ and dual‐species biofilms of Candida were grown on saliva‐coated poly(methyl‐methacrylate) disks for 72 hours. Biofilms (N = 8/group) were exposed to the following concentrations of glucose: 100 mmol/L (G100), 300 mmol/L (G300), and no glucose (G0: control). Biofilms were collected to determine the acidogenicity, viability, amount of soluble and insoluble extracellular polysaccharides (IEPS), and surface roughness. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey's tests (α < 0.05). Results Single‐ and dual‐species biofilms from G300 were more acidogenic at 48 and 72 hours compared to G100 and G0 (P < 0.05). The viability of the G100 and G300 groups did not differ (P > 0.05), but differed statistically from G0. The amount of IEPS in the G300 group was statistically higher than the G0 and G100 groups (P < 0.05). The G300 group also presented a higher IEPS proportion per number of viable cells compared to others. G300 presented greater surface roughness for both single‐ (mean roughness = 1460 μm) and dual‐species (mean roughness = 1990 μm) biofilms. Conclusions Higher glucose concentration (300 mmol/L) during biofilm development favors the growth of single‐ and dual‐species biofilms of Candida.

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The severity of denture stomatitis as related to risk factors and different Candida spp.

Cited by 31 publications

References 27 publications

Oral Candidiasis: A Disease of Opportunity

Oral Candidiasis: A Disease of Opportunity

Applying the Host-Microbe Damage Response Framework to Candida Pathogenesis: Current and Prospective Strategies to Reduce Damage

Glucose supplementation effect on the acidogenicity, viability, and extracellular matrix of Candida single‐ and dual‐species biofilms

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