The Seveso Accident: Its Nature, Extent and Consequences

Homberger, E.; Reggiani, Giulio Marchesini; Sambeth, Jörg; Wipf, H.‐K.

doi:10.1093/annhyg/22.4.327

Cited by 74 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…8.6.2). 1976 Seveso, Italy: “ signs of toxic dermatitis ” [ 68 ] (p. 329); “ measurements showed that 80% or more of the total TCDD traced adhered to the vegetation (foliage, grass, crops) ” [ 68 ] (p. 358). 2003 electrical blackout, Italy: “ the electrical blackout that affected much of Italy on 28 September 2003: the shutdown of power stations directly led to the failure of nodes in the Internet communication network, which in turn caused further breakdowns of power stations ” [ 30 ] (p. 1025).…”

Section: Figure A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Space of Possibilities in Cascading Disasters with Catastrophe Dynamics

Mignan

Wang

2020

IJERPH

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Some of the most devastating natural events on Earth, such as earthquakes and tropical cyclones, are prone to trigger other natural events, critical infrastructure failures, and socioeconomic disruptions. Man-made disasters may have similar effects, although to a lesser degree. We investigate the space of possible interactions between 19 types of loss-generating events, first by encoding possible one-to-one interactions into an adjacency matrix A, and second by calculating the interaction matrix M of emergent chains-of-events. We first present the impact of 24 topologies of A on M to illustrate the non-trivial patterns of cascading processes, in terms of the space of possibilities covered and of interaction amplification by feedback loops. We then encode A from 29 historical cases of cascading disasters and compute the matching matrix M. We observe, subject to data incompleteness, emergent cascading behaviors in the technological and socioeconomic systems, across all possible triggers (natural or man-made); disease is also a systematic emergent phenomenon. We find interactions being mostly amplified via two events: network failure and business interruption, the two events with the highest in-degree and betweenness centralities. This analysis demonstrates how cascading disasters grow in and cross over natural, technological, and socioeconomic systems.

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Section: Figure A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1976 Seveso, Italy: “ signs of toxic dermatitis ” [ 68 ] (p. 329); “ measurements showed that 80% or more of the total TCDD traced adhered to the vegetation (foliage, grass, crops) ” [ 68 ] (p. 358).…”

Section: Figure A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Space of Possibilities in Cascading Disasters with Catastrophe Dynamics

Mignan

Wang

2020

IJERPH

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“…In 1976, a chemical plant explosion near Seveso, Italy led to the highest known exposure of residential populations to TCDD [70], and since that time, women living near the site have been carefully monitored with regard to reproductive tract disease and pregnancy outcomes. To date, these studies have revealed a modest increased risk of endometriosis, a non-significant increased risk of sPTB and an increase in time to pregnancy among the most heavily exposed individuals compared to unexposed women [71–75].…”

Section: Environmental Endocrine Disruptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to the environmental endocrine disruptor TCDD and human reproductive dysfunction: Translating lessons from murine models

Bruner‐Tran

Gnecco

Ding

et al. 2017

Reproductive Toxicology

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Humans and other animals are exposed to a wide array of man-made toxicants, many of which act as endocrine disruptors that exhibit differential effects across the lifespan. In humans, while the impact of adult exposure is known for some compounds, the potential consequences of developmental exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is more difficult to ascertain. Animal studies have revealed that exposure to EDCs prior to puberty can lead to adult reproductive disease and dysfunction. Specifically, in adult female mice with an early life exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), we demonstrated a transgenerational occurrence of several reproductive diseases that have been linked to endometriosis in women. Herein, we review the evidence for TCDD-associated development of adult reproductive disease as well as known epigenetic alterations associated with TCDD and/or endometriosis. We will also introduce new “Organ-on-Chip” models which, combined with our established murine model, are expected to further enhance our ability to examine alterations in gene-environment interactions that lead to heritable disease.

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“…The major industrial disaster that took place in Seveso, Italy, in 1978 shaped industrial safety regulation around the world (Homberger et al . 1979 ). In 2001, South Africa adopted the Major Hazard Installation Regulations under the Occupational Health and Safety Act (Act 85 of 1993).…”

Section: Regulatory Management In South Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Some international perspectives on legislation for the management of human-induced safety risks

Niemand

Jordaan

Minnaar³

2016

Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies

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Legislation that governs the health and safety of communities near major-hazard installations in South Africa is largely based on existing legislation that had been developed in the United Kingdom and other European Union countries. The latter was developed as a consequence of several major human-induced technological disasters in Europe. The history of the evolution of health-and-safety legislation for the protection of vulnerable communities in European Union (EU) countries, France, Malaysia and the USA is explored through a literature survey. A concise comparison is drawn between EU countries, the USA and South Africa to obtain an exploratory view of whether current South-African legislation represents an optimum model for the protection of the health-and-safety of workers and communities near major-hazard installations. The authors come to the conclusion that South-African legislation needs revision as was done in the UK in 2011. Specific areas in the legislation that need revision are an overlap between occupational health and safety and environmental legislation, appropriate land-use planning for the protection of communities near major-hazard installations, the inclusion of vulnerability studies and the refinement of appropriate decision-making instruments such as risk assessment. This article is the first in a series that forms part of a broader study aimed at the development of an optimised model for the regulatory management of human-induced health and safety risks associated with hazardous installations in South Africa.

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The Seveso Accident: Its Nature, Extent and Consequences

Cited by 74 publications

References 0 publications

Exploring the Space of Possibilities in Cascading Disasters with Catastrophe Dynamics

Exploring the Space of Possibilities in Cascading Disasters with Catastrophe Dynamics

Exposure to the environmental endocrine disruptor TCDD and human reproductive dysfunction: Translating lessons from murine models

Some international perspectives on legislation for the management of human-induced safety risks

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