The sex ratio and global sodomy law reform in the post-WWII era

Chang, Simon

doi:10.1007/s00148-020-00773-7

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…3 Moreover, there are a few studies specifically looking at sodomy laws that are closely related to our research question. For instance, Chang (2021) found that countries with high malefemale sex ratios were less likely to decriminalize same-sex sexual activities, possible due to the fact that men are on average less tolerant than women with regards to homosexuality. Kenny and Patel (2017)-as well as Asal, Sommer, and Harwood (2013)-emphasized instead the role played by legal institutions: that is, the higher probability of having sodomy laws in countries that were formerly part of the British Empire.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By doing so, this article extends an extremely limited literature on sodomy laws not only in economics and political science but also in public health and other social sciences. A few studies have looked at the determinants of sodomy laws (Frank, Camp, and Boutcher 2010;Asal, Sommer, and Harwood 2013;Chang 2021) or at the effect of legalizing homosexuality across countries on attitudes toward sexual minorities (Kenny and Patel 2017). Yet, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study specifically looking at the impact of sodomy laws on crime or arrest rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of sodomy law repeals on crime

Ciacci

Sansone

2023

J Popul Econ

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We exploit variations in the timing of decriminalization of same-sex sexual intercourse across US states to estimate the impact of these law changes on crime through difference-in-differences and event study models. We provide the first evidence that sodomy law repeals led to a decline in the number of arrests for disorderly conduct, prostitution, and other sex offenses. Moreover, in line with the hypothesis that sodomy law repeals enhanced mental health and lessened minority stress, we show that these repeals led to a reduction in arrests for drug and alcohol consumption.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of sodomy law repeals on crime

Ciacci

Sansone

2023

J Popul Econ

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“… 10 At an aggregate level, countries with English common law, a communist past, or high (contemporary) sex ratios are less accepting of homosexuality (Asal et al, 2013 ; Andersen & Fetner, 2008 ; Chang, 2021 ) These studies do not address the potential endogeneity of such cross-country differences. Aksoy et al ( 2020 ) exploit the gradual rollout of same-sex relationship recognition throughout Europe to demonstrate how laws can shape attitudes towards sexual minorities.…”

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confidence: 99%

Men. Male-biased sex ratios and masculinity norms: evidence from Australia’s colonial past

2023

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We document the historical roots and contemporary consequences of masculinity norms—beliefs about the proper conduct of men. We exploit a natural experiment in which convict transportation in the $$18^{\textrm{th}}$$ 18 th and $$19^{\textrm{th}}$$ 19 th centuries created a variegated spatial pattern of sex ratios across Australia. We show that in areas with heavily male-biased convict populations, relatively more men volunteered for World War I about a century later. Even at present these areas remain characterized by more violence, higher rates of male suicide and other forms of preventable male mortality, and more male-stereotypical occupational segregation. Moreover, in these historically male-biased areas, more Australians recently voted against same-sex marriage and boys—but not girls—are more likely to be bullied in school. We interpret these results as manifestations of masculinity norms that emerged due to intense local male-male competition. Once established, masculinity norms persisted over time through family socialization as well as peer socialization in schools.

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“…The global importance of the topic is also demonstrated by the fact that almost 2.7bn people are living in countries where identifying as a sexual orientation or gender identity minority could lead to imprisonment, corporal punishment or even death (Drydakis, 2017a). Chang (2020) has investigated the evolution of the legal situation of sexual orientation across countries after the Second World War and examined global causes. Further research efforts may help to provide a better understanding and to foster societal changes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%