The Sexual Behavior of Men in the United States

Billy, John O. G.; Tanfer, Koray; Grady, William R.; Klepinger, Daniel H.

doi:10.2307/2136206

Cited by 251 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Additional data are provided by the 1991 National Survey of Men (NSM), a nationally representative sample of 3,300 males ages 20 to 39 (Billy et al, 1993).…”

Section: The Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Teen Sexual Behavior

Besharov

Gardiner

1997

Children and Youth Services Review

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At least until the last few years, the proportion of teenagers who have had sex rose steadily, and they are more likely to use contraceptives than their earlier counterparts. Underlying this general trend has been an increase in sexual activity among young teens-ages 15 and under-as well as middle-class and white teenagers. Contraceptive use has risen also, probably because of the fear of AIDS and the increased sexual activity among white and middle-class teenagers. Because more teenagers were using contraceptives, the pregnancy rate per 1,000 sexually active teenagers actually declined during the 1980s, even as more teenagers were having sex. Nevertheless, contraceptive use is far from perfect, leading to high levels of abortion, sexually transmitted diseases, and nonmarital births. The challenge for school-based programs is to pursue two simultaneous goals: lower the level of sexual activity and raise the rate of contraceptive use among those who have sex.

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“…Additional data are provided by the 1991 National Survey of Men (NSM), a nationally representative sample of 3,300 males ages 20 to 39 (Billy et al, 1993).…”

Section: The Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Teen Sexual Behavior

Besharov

Gardiner

1997

Children and Youth Services Review

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“…2 Previous studies have found increased HIV risk behavior among heterosexually active Latino men, and these behaviors increase the risk of HIV infection for themselves as well as their female partners. For example, Latino men report higher rates of heterosexual anal intercourse than non-Hispanic men 3 and are twice as likely to have multiple partners compared to non-Hispanic white men. 4 When used consistently and correctly, male condoms are the most effective method of protecting against HIV for sexually active couples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Condom Use Intentions and Behaviors Among a Community-Based Sample of Latino Men in Los Angeles

Harvey

Henderson²

2006

J Urban Health

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HIV/AIDS has disproportionately affected Latino communities. The majority of research addressing HIV risk behaviors within this population has focused on women. However, men who have sex with women (MSW) are a population increasingly becoming infected with HIV and heterosexual contact is the primary source of HIV transmission among Latinos diagnosed with AIDS. It has been assumed that because men are likely to control condom use, relationship factors are less likely to influence safer sex behavior among men. However, because condom use is an interdependent behavior, understanding factors that predict safer sex behavior among MSW is critical. This study examined the influence of multiple factors on condom use behavior in a community-based sample of young Latino men. Data from 191 Latino men who completed baseline interviews for an intervention were analyzed to examine the association of background, intrapersonal and relationship factors with intentions to use condoms and condom use in the past three months. Findings from multivariate analyses indicated that more positive attitudes toward condoms, stronger partner condom norms and greater participation in decision-making about condom use were significantly associated with both condom use and condom use intentions. Additionally, men reporting lower expectations of negative partner reactions to condom requests were more likely to use condoms, and condom use intentions were higher among men reporting more health protective communication in the relationship. Findings suggest that interventions to prevent HIV need to include men as well as women and address the role of relationship factors and dynamics in safer sex practices.

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“…Among heterosexual samples, up to 79% of subjects have reported engaging in oral sex. 49,50 Rates of unprotected oral sex among men who have sex with men are reported to be as high as 87%. 51 One quantitative study of HIV-seropositive men who have sex with men reported that 39% had had unprotected oral sex since diagnosis, 23% of those being with HIV-negative or HIV-status-unknown partners.…”

Section: Need For Cautionary Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Counseling patients about HIV risk from oral sex

1997

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nprotected oral sex is not well recognized as a risk factor for transmitting the human immunodeficiency virus, yet as evidence of its potential risk accrues, physicians must confront the question of how to counsel patients about oral sex risk. How do health care professionals feel about broaching this topic with their patients? Can the psychological literature help physicians understand their patients' risk perceptions and motivate healthful behaviors? In this article, we review the literature on oral sex risk, discuss barriers to communicating caution to patients, and propose recommendations and specific counseling strategies based on risk perception and behavior change theory that we believe will help physicians effectively intervene in the prevention of HIV transmission. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURESince the advent of the AIDS epidemic, researchers have sought to define categories of risk for transmission of HIV in sexual behavior. Although receptive anal and vaginal intercourse have been clearly classified as the highest-risk behaviors, and kissing and masturbation as behaviors with the lowest risk, 1 the level of risk for oral sex remains a matter of debate. A variety of research methods-human and animal, epidemiologic studies and case reports, in vitro and in vivo-have yielded a growing literature addressing the question of oral sex risk. The comparative riskiness of oral sex in epidemiologic studies attempting to relate behavior to HIV seroconversion has been difficult to assess. These studies attempt the nearimpossible task of isolating specific sexual practices in research subjects, who usually engage in more than one type of risk behavior, and rely on retrospective self-report data, which can involve recall bias and responses tainted by social desirability (for commentary on problems in sexual behavior research, see R. C. Lewontin, Sex, lies and social science, The New York Review , April 20, 1995:24-9).Subsamples of subjects engaging only in oral sex are likely to be too small to provide adequate statistical power to assess the relative risk. 2,3 Some investigators have asked subjects only about oral sex practices or have lumped oral sex together with other behaviors. 4 In addition, a myriad of uncontrolled factors-dates of infection, number of oral sex events, whether or not oral cuts or abrasions were present-prevent the clear quantification of risk. Most of these epidemiologic studies have sampled homosexual or bisexual men exclusively; accordingly, even less is known about the relative risk of oral sex in the context of lesbian or heterosexual practices.Results from epidemiologic studies have generally been interpreted as evidence against oral sex risk, relative to other behaviors. 3,[5][6][7][8] These studies are based on retrospective self-report data from questionnaires or interviews about risk behaviors over a previous time period, and are also longitudinal in that they follow initially HIV-negative men and test these men over time to see whether or not they undergo seroconversion. Laboratory stud...

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The Sexual Behavior of Men in the United States

Cited by 251 publications

References 13 publications

Trends in Teen Sexual Behavior

Trends in Teen Sexual Behavior

Correlates of Condom Use Intentions and Behaviors Among a Community-Based Sample of Latino Men in Los Angeles

Counseling patients about HIV risk from oral sex

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