The Shape of Sound: a Geometric Morphometrics Approach to Laryngeal Functional Morphology

Borgard, Heather; Baab, Karen L.; Pasch, Bret; Riede, Tobias

doi:10.1007/s10914-019-09466-9

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…One hundred surface landmarks were acquired from the thyroid and cricoid cartilages, and 50 from the arytenoid cartilage and the epiglottis to achieve comprehensive coverage. We established the optimal number of landmarks for each cartilage previously (Borgard et al, 2019).…”

Section: Landmark Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cricoid cartilage generally shows less variation within and between species, and there was minimal distinction in shape across developmental stages. For example, we previously used the same geometric morphometric approach to demonstrate that the cricoid cartilage showed the least shape differences between five rodent species of all the laryngeal cartilages (Borgard et al, 2019). For the human larynx, we know that there are important age-specific shape characteristics in the pediatric, juvenile, and adult organ (e.g., Eckel et al, 1994Eckel et al, , 1999Kahane, 1982), but Table 3.…”

Section: Negative Allometric Growth Of Larynx and Laryngeal Airwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The greater similarity of cricoid cartilage shape between species was interpreted as reflecting greater functional constraints acting on the cricoid cartilage (Borgard et al, 2019). The cricoid plays a prominent role in laryngeal biomechanics.…”

Section: Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous investigations suggested that overall postnatal development remained limited to a simple increase in larynx size (Alli et al, 2013;Thomas et al, 2009), but those studies failed to capture nuances in shape variation. Modern imaging approaches allow the generation of three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of the rodent larynx (Riede et al, 2017), and geometric morphometric analysis provides the means for a thorough ontogenetic shape analysis (Adams, 2016;Klingenberg, 2016), including the larynx (Borgard et al, 2019). This study has combined a quantitative analysis of postnatal growth patterns in four laryngeal cartilages in CD-1 mice using 3D geometric morphometrics in order to test two hypotheses.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Postnatal Development of the Mouse Larynx: Negative Allometry, Age-Dependent Shape Changes, Morphological Integration, and a Size-Dependent Spectral Feature

Riede

Coyne

Tafoya

et al. 2020

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Purpose The larynx plays a role in swallowing, respiration, and voice production. All three functions change during ontogeny. We investigated ontogenetic shape changes using a mouse model to inform our understanding of how laryngeal form and function are integrated. We understand the characterization of developmental changes to larynx anatomy as a critical step toward using rodent models to study human vocal communication disorders. Method Contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography image stacks were used to generate three-dimensional reconstructions of the CD-1 mouse ( Mus musculus ) laryngeal cartilaginous framework. Then, we quantified size and shape in four age groups: pups, weanlings, young, and old adults using a combination of landmark and linear morphometrics. We analyzed postnatal patterns of growth and shape in the laryngeal skeleton, as well as morphological integration among four laryngeal cartilages using geometric morphometric methods. Acoustic analysis of vocal patterns was employed to investigate morphological and functional integration. Results Four cartilages scaled with negative allometry on body mass. Additionally, thyroid, arytenoid, and epiglottic cartilages, but not the cricoid cartilage, showed shape change associated with developmental age. A test for modularity between the four cartilages suggests greater independence of thyroid cartilage shape, hinting at the importance of embryological origin during postnatal development. Finally, mean fundamental frequency, but not fundamental frequency range, varied predictably with size. Conclusion In a mouse model, the four main laryngeal cartilages do not develop uniformly throughout the first 12 months of life. High-dimensional shape analysis effectively quantified variation in shape across development and in relation to size, as well as clarifying patterns of covariation in shape among cartilages and possibly the ventral pouch. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12735917

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Section: Landmark Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Negative Allometric Growth Of Larynx and Laryngeal Airwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Postnatal Development of the Mouse Larynx: Negative Allometry, Age-Dependent Shape Changes, Morphological Integration, and a Size-Dependent Spectral Feature

Riede

Coyne

Tafoya

et al. 2020

J Speech Lang Hear Res

Self Cite

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“…In comparative anatomy, Micro-CT scanning is now part of the standard non-destructive analytical toolkit, creating data for use in analyses such as geometric morphometrics (GMM) and finite element analysis (FEA) (Borgard et al, 2019;Brassey et al, 2018Brassey et al, , 2013Brocklehurst et al, 2019;Cuff et al, 2015;Marshall et al, 2019;Polly et al, 2016). Unfortunately for researchers, if one wishes to quantify biological structures, the data does not simply appear from scanners ready to use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A machine learning based approach to the segmentation of micro CT data in archaeological and evolutionary sciences

O'Mahoney¹,

Mcknight

Lowe³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Segmentation of high-resolution tomographic data is often an extremely time-consuming task and until recently, has usually relied upon researchers manually selecting materials of interest slice by slice. With the exponential rise in datasets being acquired, this is clearly not a sustainable workflow. In this paper, we apply the Trainable Weka Segmentation (a freely available plugin for the multiplatform program ImageJ) to typical datasets found in archaeological and evolutionary sciences. We demonstrate that Trainable Weka Segmentation can provide a fast and robust method for segmentation and is as effective as other leading-edge machine learning segmentation techniques.

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Vocal differences in note, sequence and great call sequence among three closely related Nomascus gibbon species

Han,

Ma,

Wang

et al. 2024

Int J Primatol

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The vocal structure of gibbons has long been believed to be under strong genetic control and consistent with phylogeny. Gibbon vocalizations show hierarchical structures and song coordination behaviors, which may have different functions and convey distinct information compared to basic notes. However, previous studies have not compared vocalizations at multiple levels across species. We compared the vocal structures of three Nomascus species in the wild in South China, namely the western black gibbon (Nomascus concolor), Cao vit gibbon (N. nasutus), and Hainan gibbon (N. hainanus) at the levels of note (six features of four types of notes), male sequence (eight features), and song coordination (four features of the overlap pattern between male and female songs). We selected 15 recordings for each species: N. concolor (six groups, 2006 to 2021), N. nasutus (seven groups, 2008 to 2021), and N. hainanus (six groups, 2020 to 2021). We used permuted random forest analysis to test for species differences in vocal structure and the contribution of acoustic features to species differences at each level. We used acoustic features to construct a hierarchical clustering tree, and compared it with phylogenetic relationships. We found significant differences at all levels except the boom note. Acoustic similarity did not match genetic similarity in boom and pre-modulated notes, suggesting that genetic differences are not the only factor leading to species differences in vocal structures. We also found different contributions of acoustic features to differentiation in vocal structure at different levels. Our study suggests that we need to compare gibbon vocalizations at different levels to understand their differentiation and evolution.

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The Shape of Sound: a Geometric Morphometrics Approach to Laryngeal Functional Morphology

Cited by 26 publications

References 59 publications

Postnatal Development of the Mouse Larynx: Negative Allometry, Age-Dependent Shape Changes, Morphological Integration, and a Size-Dependent Spectral Feature

Postnatal Development of the Mouse Larynx: Negative Allometry, Age-Dependent Shape Changes, Morphological Integration, and a Size-Dependent Spectral Feature

A machine learning based approach to the segmentation of micro CT data in archaeological and evolutionary sciences

Vocal differences in note, sequence and great call sequence among three closely related Nomascus gibbon species

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