The shift in rabies epidemiology in France: time to adjust rabies post-exposure risk assessment

Parize, Perrine; Dacheux, Laurent; Larrous, Florence; Bourhy, Hervé

doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es.2018.23.39.1700548

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, the epidemiology of rabies in Western Europe has changed during the past 22 years. As such, Parize et al (2018) recently reported that in France, which eliminated rabies in non-flying terrestrial mammals in 2001, the risk of rabies is now limited to contact with bats, rabid animals illegally imported from rabies-enzootic countries, and traveller exposure in enzootic areas. This may explain why 2017 monitoring data from bats were mainly reported by Western and Northern European MS countries and why during the last 5 years the number of reported tested bats in Central and Western Europe increased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2017

2018

EFS2

721

360

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This report of the European Food Safety Authority and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control presents the results of zoonoses monitoring activities carried out in 2017 in 37 European countries (28 Member States (MS) and nine non-MS). Campylobacteriosis was the commonest reported zoonosis and its EU trend for confirmed human cases increasing since 2008 stabilised during 2013-2017. The decreasing EU trend for confirmed human salmonellosis cases since 2008 ended during 2013-2017, and the proportion of human Salmonella Enteritidis cases increased, mostly due to one MS starting to report serotype data. Sixteen MS met all Salmonella reduction targets for poultry, whereas 12 MS failed meeting at least one. The EU flock prevalence of target Salmonella serovars in breeding hens, laying hens, broilers and fattening turkeys decreased or remained stable compared to 2016, and slightly increased in breeding turkeys. Salmonella results on pig carcases and target Salmonella serovar results for poultry from competent authorities tended to be generally higher compared to those from food business operators. The notification rate of human listeriosis further increased in 2017, despite Listeria seldom exceeding the EU food safety limit in ready-to-eat food. The decreasing EU trend for confirmed yersiniosis cases since 2008 stabilised during 2013-2017. The number of confirmed shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections in humans was stable. A total of 5,079 food-borne (including waterborne) outbreaks were reported. Salmonella was the commonest detected agent with S. Enteritidis causing one out of seven outbreaks, followed by other bacteria, bacterial toxins and viruses. The agent was unknown in 37.6% of all outbreaks. Salmonella in eggs and Salmonella in meat and meat products were the highest risk agent/food pairs. The report further summarises trends and sources for bovine tuberculosis, Brucella, Trichinella, Echinococcus, Toxoplasma, rabies, Coxiella burnetii (Q fever), West Nile virus and tularaemia.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2017

2018

EFS2

721

360

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Every patient received a WHO-recommended vaccine regimen but only 7 of the 18 patients with category III exposures had RIG administration. This small proportion could not entirely be explained by the initiation of PEP abroad (3 patients) and may reflect the insufficient knowledge of WHO recommandations among French health care workers [16]. An inadequate immune response after PEP has been documented in 6 non-HIV immunocompromised patients out of 28 attending 2 French Antirabies Clinics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune response to rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in patients with non-HIV secondary immunodeficiencies

Parize

Poujol

Houssine³

et al. 2020

Vaccine

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…We also examined data on individuals seeking care at an Anti‐Rabies Clinic (ARC) after a bat exposure in metropolitan France from 2003 to 2016. In France, primary healthcare management of individuals seeking care after a potential rabies exposure is delivered through an official national network of 70 clinics located throughout the country (Parize et al, 2018). The NRCR collects anonymous data on each individual seeking care in these centres through online standardized report forms completed by Anti‐Rabies Clinic practitioners (Vaccilab/Voozanoo, Epiconcept, Paris, France).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bats are the recognized reservoirs for the majority of lyssaviruses in the world (Banyard, Evans, Luo, & Fooks, 2014; Calisher, Childs, Field, Holmes, & Schountz, 2006). Bat exposures remain the only possible source of autochthonous lyssavirus transmission to humans since the elimination of rabies in dogs in the 20th century and in terrestrial wild animals at the beginning of the 21st century in Western Europe (Parize, Dacheux, Larrous, & Bourhy, 2018). Furthermore, as the European Union objective is to eradicate rabies in terrestrial mammals by 2020, bats will soon be the only reservoir of lyssavirus in all European Union member states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human–bat interactions have been studied essentially in communities hunting bats for consumption or using them for traditional medicine purpose (Anti et al., 2015; Basri et al., 2017; Rego, Zeppelini, Lopez, & Alves, 2015). Very little is known about bat exposures and their potential impact on public health in industrialized countries (Parize et al, 2018; Takumi, Lina, Van der poel, Kramps, & Van der giessen, 2009). Exposures due to direct contact with bats are considered by World Health Organization (WHO) as category III exposures and calls for immediate administration of post‐exposure prophylaxis (PEP) including rabies immunoglobulin and vaccine to prevent rabies encephalitis (Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Circumstances of Human–Bat interactions and risk of lyssavirus transmission in metropolitan France

Parize

Robledo

Cervantes-Gonzalez

et al. 2020

Zoonoses and Public Health

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the elimination of dog and terrestrial wild animal rabies, bat exposures remain the only source of autochthonous lyssavirus transmission to humans in Western Europe. European bats have already been found infected with several lyssaviruses, and human-bat interactions represent a risk of viral transmission and fatal encephalitis for humans. In this study, we aim to better characterize exposures to bats in metropolitan France from 2003 to 2016 and to identify circumstances associated with exposures to lyssavirus-positive bats. Two complementary sources of data were analysed: 1/ data associated with bats responsible for human exposure received for Lyssavirus testing by the French National Reference Centre for Rabies (NRCR); and 2/ data pertaining to individuals seeking medical care through the French Anti-Rabies Clinics network after contact with a bat. From 2003 to 2016, 425 bats originating from metropolitan France were submitted to the NRCR and 16 (4%) were found positive with a lyssavirus (EBLV-1b was diagnosed in 9 bats, EBLV-1a in 6 and BBLV in one specimen). The two factors associated with bat positivity in our study were the female sex and the bat belonging to the E. serotinus species. During the same study period, 1718 individuals sought care at an Anti-Rabies Clinic after exposure to a bat resulting in an estimated incidence of human-bat interactions of 1.96 per 10 6 person-years. The two most frequent circumstances of exposure were handling or bites. Interactions mostly involved one adult human being and one live and nonsick-looking bat. Our study provides new insights about circumstances of human-bat interactions and may be helpful to target prevention interventions to improve the awareness of the population of the risk of lyssavirus transmission.

show abstract

The shift in rabies epidemiology in France: time to adjust rabies post-exposure risk assessment

Cited by 12 publications

References 41 publications

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2017

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2017

Immune response to rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in patients with non-HIV secondary immunodeficiencies

Circumstances of Human–Bat interactions and risk of lyssavirus transmission in metropolitan France

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About