“…The optimized parameters are set as follows: the number of neurons in the input layer is 2; the number of neurons in the output layer is 1; the internal parameters of the LSTM unit are trained by Adam's algorithm; and the initialization method is Xavier. The parameters of the improved particle swarm algorithm are set as follows: the number of populations is 5; the number of evolution is 20; the learning factor of the particles is taken as c 1 = c 2 = 2, any particle X i,0 (n 1 , n 2 , ε, h) for each dimension parameter in the range of [1,100], [1,100], [0.0001, 0.01] and [300, 600], and the velocity of the particle in the range of [−5, 5], [−5, 5], [−0.0005, 0.0005] and [−10, 10]. In IPSO, w max = 0.9, w min = 0.1; In PSO, w = 0.5.…”