The short-term effects of air pollutants on hospitalizations for respiratory disease in Hefei, China

Xie, Jingui; Teng, J. X.; Fan, Yiming; Xie, Ruijin; Shen, Adong

doi:10.1007/s00484-018-01665-y

Cited by 91 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Moreover, atmospheric pollution is generally greater in more populated cities; in our study, for example, the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 increased with population density (r = 0.38, p < 0.001 and r = 0.15, p = 0.032, respectively), although we did not include these data in our analyses because of the low sample size of available pollution data. Previous studies have indicated that air pollutants are risk factors for respiratory infection by carrying microorganisms and affecting human immunity 13,[33][34][35] , and have been reported a signi cant association of PM10 and PM2.5 with hospitalizations due to respiratory disease 33,34,36 . These relationships are particularly concerning in Chile, where 12 cities have been ranked among the 15 most polluted in South America, with the capital city Santiago being in 35th place worldwide 37 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental determinants of COVID-19 transmission across a wide climatic gradient in Chile

Correa‐Araneda

Ulloa-Yañez

Núñez

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Several studies have examined the transmission dynamics of the novel COVID-19 disease in different parts of the world. Some have reported relationships with several environmental variables, suggesting that spread of the disease is enhanced in colder and drier climates. However, evidence is still scarce and mostly limited to a few countries, particularly from Asia. We examined the potential role of multiple environmental variables in COVID-19 transmission rates and patterns from February 23 to April 16 across 121 cities of Chile; this country covers a large climatic gradient (≈ 40º of latitude, ≈ 4,000 m of altitude and 5 climatic regions, from desert to tundra), but all cities share their social behaviour patterns and regulations. Our results indicated that COVID-19 transmission in Chile was mostly related to 3 main climatic factors (mean temperature, relative humidity and wind speed) and population size. Transmission was greater in colder and drier cities (although wind modulated the effect of temperature) and when wind speed was higher; finally, transmission increased with population size. The results of this study support some previous findings about the main environmental and demographic determinants of COVID-19 transmission, which may be useful for decision-making and management of the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental determinants of COVID-19 transmission across a wide climatic gradient in Chile

Correa‐Araneda

Ulloa-Yañez

Núñez

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…In addition, in a linear relationship, the viruses would survive longer and could become more aggressive in an immune system already aggravated by the air pollutants themselves. Individuals residing in zones with high concentrations of air pollutants are more prone to develop respiratory diseases (Marquès et al, 2020) and suitable to viral infections (Xie et al, 2019). Pollution impairs the first line of defense of upper airways, mainly cilia .…”

Section: Air Pollution and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of air pollutants on the transmission and severity of respiratory viral infections

Domingo

Rovira

2020

Environmental Research

296

223

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Particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the outdoor air pollutants that are major factors in diseases, causing especially adverse respiratory effects in humans. On the other hand, the role of respiratory viruses in the pathogenesis of severe respiratory infections is an issue of great importance. The present literature review was aimed at assessing the potential effects of air pollutants on the transmission and severity of respiratory viral infections. We have reviewed the scientific literature regarding the association of outdoor air pollution and respiratory viruses on respiratory diseases. Evidence supports a clear association between air concentrations of some pollutants and human respiratory viruses interacting to adversely affect the respiratory system. Given the undoubted importance and topicality of the subject, we have paid special attention to the association between air pollutants and the transmission and severity of the effects caused by the coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2, which causes the COVID-19. Although to date, and by obvious reasons, the number of studies on this issue are still scarce, most results indicate that chronic exposure to air pollutants delays/complicates recovery of patients of COVID-19 and leads to more severe and lethal forms of this disease. This deserves immediate and in-depth experimental investigations.

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“…An interesting question concerns the potential association between the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and atmospheric pollutant levels [ 49 ]. A growing body of evidence has linked short-term exposure to PM 2.5 with mortality for total respiratory disease [ 50 , 51 ], and hospitalizations due to respiratory disease and acute lower respiratory infection, including pneumonia, bronchitis, and bronchiolitis [ 52 , 53 , 54 ]. Furthermore, a significant association between daily hospital admissions and daily concentrations of ambient O 3 , CO, NO 2 , SO 2 , and PM 10 has been recently reported [ 55 ].…”

Section: Possible Causal Links Between Covid-19 Infection and Amimentioning

confidence: 99%

“Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Time of COVID-19”: A Review of Biological, Environmental, and Psychosocial Contributors

Gorini

Chatzianagnostou

Mazzone

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has quickly become a worldwide health crisis.Although respiratory disease remains the main cause of morbidity and mortality in COVID patients,myocardial damage is a common finding. Many possible biological pathways may explain therelationship between COVID-19 and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Increased immune andinflammatory responses, and procoagulant profile have characterized COVID patients. All theseresponses may induce endothelial dysfunction, myocardial injury, plaque instability, and AMI.Disease severity and mortality are increased by cardiovascular comorbidities. Moreover, COVID-19has been associated with air pollution, which may also represent an AMI risk factor. Nonetheless,a significant reduction in patient admissions following containment initiatives has been observed,including for AMI. The reasons for this phenomenon are largely unknown, although a real decreasein the incidence of cardiac events seems highly improbable. Instead, patients likely may presentdelayed time from symptoms onset and subsequent referral to emergency departments because offear of possible in-hospital infection, and as such, may present more complications. Here, we aim todiscuss available evidence about all these factors in the complex relationship between COVID-19and AMI, with particular focus on psychological distress and the need to increase awareness ofischemic symptoms.

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The short-term effects of air pollutants on hospitalizations for respiratory disease in Hefei, China

Cited by 91 publications

References 38 publications

Environmental determinants of COVID-19 transmission across a wide climatic gradient in Chile

Environmental determinants of COVID-19 transmission across a wide climatic gradient in Chile

Effects of air pollutants on the transmission and severity of respiratory viral infections

“Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Time of COVID-19”: A Review of Biological, Environmental, and Psychosocial Contributors

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