The Short-Term Impact of a Paranoid Explanation on Self-esteem: An Experimental Study

Motive-oriented therapeutic relationship building for patients diagnosed with schizophrenia

“…Decreases in self-esteem can precede paranoid ideation in daily life according to studies with intensive longitudinal assessments ( Thewissen et al, 2011 ). In experimental studies with sub-clinical samples, the effect of social exclusion on paranoid ideation was mediated by decreases in self-esteem ( Kesting et al, 2013 ) and paranoid interpretations of social exclusion protected the self-esteem on a short-term scale ( Lincoln et al, 2014 ). Lack of insight is accompanied by less self-stigmatization and demoralization across one year in patients with schizophrenia ( Cavelti et al, 2014 ), with stigmatization being associated with lower self-esteem ( Link et al, 2001 ).…”

The effect of social exclusion on state paranoia and explicit and implicit self-esteem in a non-clinical sample

“…A number of researchers have investigated the relationship between paranoia and selfesteem in non-clinical samples by examining the putative role of social exclusion induced through a virtual ball toss game ('Cyberball'; Williams, Cheung, & Choi, 2000), in which participants are either included or excluded by other (computer-generated) 'players' (e.g., Westermann, Kesting, & Lincoln, 2012;Kesting, Bredenpohl, Klenke, Westermann, & Lincoln, 2013;Lincoln, Stahnke, & Moritz, 2014). For example, found that excluded participants reported an increase in sub-clinical paranoia, which was mediated Social exclusion, paranoia, and self-esteem 4 by a decrease in self-esteem and moderated by paranoia-proneness.…”

Dealing with feeling: Specific emotion regulation skills predict responses to stress in psychosis

“…A second mechanism could be that delusions are a dysfunctional way of regulating emotions. This is the case if a delusional belief causes a short-term decrease of a negative affect (Lincoln et al, 2014). Irrespective of which mechanism comes into play, one would expect that more pronounced general ER skills will predict less negative affect following a stressor but also a reduced (or absent) symptomatic response to it.…”