“…A large corpus of linear and non-linear system dynamics theory is based on the evaluation of an error figure, as as in tracking systems, where the error measures the discrepancy between the actual system state and its predicted value [18,33], in leader/follower system synchronization, where the error measures the deviation between the state of the leader and the state of the follower [19,20], in system state observation, where the error quantifies the m Figure 1. A mass-spring-damper system disagreement between the actual state of the observed system and the estimated state by an observer [10,17,30], and in system control/regulation, where the error measures the incongruity between the actual state of a system and its desired value (or set point) and provides a feedback information to the controller.…”