The significance and management of different types of endoleaks

Endovascular Repair of Abdominal and Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms

“…94 It is generally accepted that type I endoleaks are more serious and require expeditious intervention because they represent direct communications between the aneurysm sac and aortic blood flow. 95 Treatment options include transcatheter coil or glue embolization, balloon angioplasty, placement of endovascular graft extensions, and open repair. 96,97 Despite the hostile hemodynamic conditions of the thoracic aorta, the anticipated complications of device migration and kinking have occurred infrequently and have been observed primarily with homemade devices and those with unsupported mid-graft segments.…”

Type II Endoleak Following Endovascular Repair of Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Innovative Transgraft Approach to Contemporary Management

“…The EUROSTAR study found that combined adverse outcome events (aneurysm growth, transfemoral interventions and transabdominal secondary procedures) occurred in 55% of patients with T2Es compared to 15% in patients without any leak. 24 Other studies reported finding signs of previous endoleaks in post-EVAR aneurysm ruptures; therefore, endoleaks are aggressively evaluated and treated if they persist beyond the 6-month follow-up, unless the aneurysm sac has shrunk. 14,25,26 Because persistent T2Es are significant contributors to late adverse outcomes such as aneurysm rupture, conversion to open repair, aneurysm sac growth and the need for reintervention, several treatment options are available for the management of T2Es (Box 3).…”

Primary Absence of Type II Endoleak is A Positive Prognostic Factor against the Risk of Late Conversion of EVAR for AAA

“…The presence of type II endoleak at the first post-operative control seems to be related with late adverse outcome after EVAR (a statistically significant difference between group 3 and group 1 and 2 is observed). It is rather common knowledge that clinical impact of type II endoleak after EVAR is not well established and remains highly controversial [7][8][9][10]. First of all, the incidence of type II endoleak oscillates greatly from 6% to up to 30% in large series of EVAR patients [11,12].…”