The significance of depth and substratum incline for the structure of a hard bottom sublittoral community in glacial Kongsfjorden (Svalbard, Arctic)—an underwater imagery approach

Laudien, Jürgen; Orchard, Julia-Berenice

doi:10.1007/s00300-011-1153-4

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Cárdenas ccardenas@inach.cl et al 2009); however, its effect is more related to other physical factors associated with increased depth such as light and degree of disturbance (wave action and sedimentation) (Wilkinson and Evans 1989;Laudien and Orchard 2012). Spatial heterogeneity produced by surface inclination can have a strong influence on diversity and distribution of sessile assemblages on rocky walls (Bell and Barnes 2000a, b;Bell 2001;Etter 2008, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Directs effects on algae include smothering and scouring (Airoldi and Cinelli 1997), and it can also affect the settlement, growth and mortality of sessile organisms due to burial beneath sediment (Gotelli 1988;Roberts et al 2006). A recent study tested the consistency of the effect produced by surface inclination on a large bathymetric gradient (hundreds of meters) on the rocky sublittoral of Svalbard, Arctic (Laudien and Orchard 2012). These authors found a consistent effect of surface inclination in the shallows (20 m) but not on surfaces between 30 and 200 m depth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In general, communities inhabiting these environments are strongly influenced by biotic factors such as predation, intense competition for space (Witman and Cooper 1983;Sebens 1985) and grazing (Sebens 1985). Moreover, physical factors including water depth, light intensity, water flow, surface inclination, sedimentation, oxygen, water temperature and salinity play an important role structuring the benthic communities inhabiting rocky walls (Hiscock 1985;Leichter and Witman 1997;Miller and Etter 2008;Laudien and Orchard 2012;Pirtle et al 2012). Among these factors, depth is probably one of the most studied (Logan et al 1984;Ojeda and Santelices 1984;Ojeda and Dearborn 1989; Barnes and Brockington 2003;Sahade et al 2004;Smale 2008;Konar Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00300-015-1729-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of depth and substrate inclination on sessile assemblages in subantarctic rocky reefs (Magellan region)

Cárdenas

Montiel

2015

Polar Biol

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Previous studies from other latitudes have demonstrated that depth and spatial heterogeneity, produced by surface inclination, can have strong effects on diversity and distribution of sessile assemblages on rocky reefs. Rocky reef communities in the subantarctic Magellan region have been rarely studied, and the factors influencing diversity, distribution and abundance of benthic communities remain poorly understood. Sessile benthic assemblages inhabiting rocky reefs habitats were studied by SCUBA diving at Punta Santa Ana, Magellan Strait from 0 to 30 m water depth. We describe the sessile assemblages assessing the effect of depth, inclination and other environmental factors on species richness and community structure. A total of 37 taxa of invertebrates and 31 taxa of macroalgae were identified based on 280 high-resolution photoquadrats. Species richness and percent coverage varied with depth and inclination. Macroalgae dominated in abundance in the shallows, while bryozoans and ascidians (mound and tree-like forms) increased their coverage with depth. Lithothamnion sp. dominated on vertical and inclined surfaces while sheet-like organism such as bryozoans increased their coverage on overhanging surfaces. Multivariate analyses showed that sessile assemblages at Punta Santa Ana are strongly influenced by the interaction between inclination and depth, which alter the effect of other physical factors such as light and sedimentation. In this regard, our results suggest that sedimentation may play a role structuring benthic assemblages in Punta Santa Ana, especially in deeper zones, where it may replace the structuring effect produced by light in the shallows.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of depth and substrate inclination on sessile assemblages in subantarctic rocky reefs (Magellan region)

Cárdenas

Montiel

2015

Polar Biol

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“…The population chosen for our study inhabits shallow waters near Ny-Å lesund (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, Spitsbergen) but can be found between 10 m (own collection data) and 200 m depth (Laudien and Orchard 2012). In addition, it is adapted to the extreme winter temperatures and high salinity variations during summer (Svendsen et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2-induced fertilization impairment in Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis collected in the Arctic

2014

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Fertilization depends on distribution and aggregation patterns of sea urchins which influence gamete contact time and may potentially enhance their vulnerability to ocean acidification. In this study, we conducted fertilization experiments to assess the effects of selected pH scenarios on fertilization success of Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, from Spitsbergen, Arctic. Acidification was achieved by aerating seawater with different CO 2 partial pressures to represent preindustrial and present conditions (measured *180-425 latm) and future acidification scenarios (*550-800, *1,300, *2,000 latm). Fertilization success was defined as the proportion of successful/unsuccessful fertilizations per treatment; eggs were classified according to features of their fertilization envelope (FE), hyaline layer (HL) and achievement of cellular division. The diagnostic findings of specific pathological aberrations were described in detail. We additionally measured intracellular pH changes in unfertilized eggs exposed for 1 h to selected acidification treatments using BCECF/AM. We conclude that (a) acidified conditions increase the proportion of eggs that failed fertilization, (b) acidification may increase the risk of polyspermy due to failures in the FE formation supported by the occasional observation of multiple sperms in the perivitelline space and (c) irregular formation of the embryo may arise due to impaired formation of the HL. The decrease in fertilization success could be also related to the observed changes in intracellular pH at pCO 2 * 1,000 latm or higher.

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“…Arctic: Laudien and Orchard, 2012, Antarctic: Gutt and Starmans, 2001, tropics: Carleton and Done, 1995. They cover all depth ranges (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new 3-D modelling method to extract subtransect dimensions from underwater videos

Fillinger

Funke

2013

Ocean Sci.

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Abstract. Underwater video transects have become a common tool for quantitative analysis of the seafloor. However a major difficulty remains in the accurate determination of the area surveyed as underwater navigation can be unreliable and image scaling does not always compensate for distortions due to perspective and topography. Depending on the camera set-up and available instruments, different methods of surface measurement are applied, which make it difficult to compare data obtained by different vehicles. 3-D modelling of the seafloor based on 2-D video data and a reference scale can be used to compute subtransect dimensions. Focussing on the length of the subtransect, the data obtained from 3-D models created with the software PhotoModeler Scanner are compared with those determined from underwater acoustic positioning (ultra short baseline, USBL) and bottom tracking (Doppler velocity log, DVL). 3-D model building and scaling was successfully conducted on all three tested set-ups and the distortion of the reference scales due to substrate roughness was identified as the main source of imprecision. Acoustic positioning was generally inaccurate and bottom tracking unreliable on rough terrain. Subtransect lengths assessed with PhotoModeler were on average 20 % longer than those derived from acoustic positioning due to the higher spatial resolution and the inclusion of slope. On a high relief wall bottom tracking and 3-D modelling yielded similar results. At present, 3-D modelling is the most powerful, albeit the most time-consuming, method for accurate determination of video subtransect dimensions.

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The significance of depth and substratum incline for the structure of a hard bottom sublittoral community in glacial Kongsfjorden (Svalbard, Arctic)—an underwater imagery approach

Cited by 16 publications

References 71 publications

The influence of depth and substrate inclination on sessile assemblages in subantarctic rocky reefs (Magellan region)

The influence of depth and substrate inclination on sessile assemblages in subantarctic rocky reefs (Magellan region)

CO2-induced fertilization impairment in Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis collected in the Arctic

A new 3-D modelling method to extract subtransect dimensions from underwater videos

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