“…Previous research into fatigue of non strain-crystallising elastomers (ethylene propylene diene monomer, EPDM and styrene-butadiene rubber, SBR) by Abraham [20,21] and Alshuth et al [22] suggested that when subjected to uniaxial loading these materials exhibited a limiting value of complex tensile modulus (E*) and this value could be used effectively to design against fatigue failure in rubber components. The concept of using a limiting value of E* was further supported by the research of Jerrams et al [23,24] and Hanley et al [25,26] for EPDM samples, both swollen and unswollen, subjected to equi-biaxial stress cycles.…”