The significance of salivary interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in patients with oral leukoplakia

Brailo, Vlaho; Vučićević-Boras, Vanja; Cekić-Arambašin, Ana; Alajbeg, Iva; Milenović, Aleksandar; Lukač, Josip

doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2005.09.001

Cited by 84 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It is believed that proinflammatory cytokines play an important role in carcinogenesis. 8,26,27 and IL-6 inactivates p53 tumor suppressor gene. 26 Prior to this study, we expected that the levels of IL-6 would decrease rapidly after treatment of cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,20 In the present study, 10 patients (34%) and 7 controls (37%) were defined as having periodontal disease (Table 1 and 2).…”

Section: Periodontal Diseasementioning

confidence: 93%

“…8,9 Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that participates in the inflammatory and immune responses. [10][11][12] Proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, have been shown to directly promote the growth of certain types of cancer, and is associated with increased the rate of metastasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,4,9 Some previous studies indicated that the concentrations of IL-6 in serum and saliva are significantly elevated in patients with oral neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions as compared with controls. 8,9,[15][16][17][18] Rhodus et al 9 reported that OSCC as well as oral preneoplastic lesions had significantly higher salivary levels of IL-6 than controls. They suggested that the progression of OSCC may be enhanced by the continued expression of the proinflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in saliva interleukin-6 levels in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

Sato¹,

Goto²,

Murata³

et al. 2010

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, an

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Objective: To elucidate the changes in interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in whole saliva during the treatment phase in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Study Design: Twenty-nine consecutive inpatients with OSCC were enrolled in this study. Stimulated saliva was collected three times (just after hospitalization)[period 1], just before main treatment (surgery: 26/29 cases)[period 2] and at the time of discharge [period 3]. The mean intervals were 11±8 days between periods 1 and 2 and 30±18 days between periods 2 and 3. As controls, 19 age-matched healthy volunteers were also recruited. IL-6 concentrations were measured by a highly sensitive chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,20 In the present study, 10 patients (34%) and 7 controls (37%) were defined as having periodontal disease (Table 1 and 2).…”

Section: Periodontal Diseasementioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Changes in saliva interleukin-6 levels in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

Sato¹,

Goto²,

Murata³

et al. 2010

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, an

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Generally, individuals who smoke also consume alcohol. Although alcohol alone has not been associated with development of leukoplakia, it may act synergistically with tobacco to promote the development of leukoplakia and oral cancer (3). Mechanical trauma such as chronic cheek biting may also be a contributory factor for OL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral leukoplakia associated with amalgam restorations

Gönen

Asan

Etöz

et al. 2016

Journal of Oral Science

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IntroductionOral leukoplakia (OL) is defined by the World Health Organization as "a white patch or plaque of the oral mucosa that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disease" (1). The prevalence of OL ranges from 0.5 to 3.4% with a peak incidence rate in individuals older than 50 years. According to the literature, most oral carcinoma cases are associated with, or preceded by, clinically detectable premalignant lesions such as OL. The malignant transformation rate of OL is reported to be in the range of 0.1 to 17% (2).The etiological factors most commonly associated with OL have been smoking, alcohol abuse, candidiasis, HPV infection, iron deficiency, and low serum levels of vitamin A and beta-carotene (3). Zinsser-Cole Engman syndrome, a genodermatosis commonly known as dyskeratosis congenita, includes oral manifestations such as OL. Many different non-surgical and surgical modalities such as conventional surgery, electrocauterization, laser ablation, cryosurgery, and medications such as vitamin A, vitamin B, and bleomycin, have been reported for treatment of OL (4).Dental amalgams remain the most commonly used posterior restorative material in dental practice. A relationship has been established between contact allergy to mercury and oral lichen planus (5). Although amalgamrelated conditions such as burning mouth, xerostomia, and musculoskeletal and neuropsychological symptoms have been reported, the relationship between amalgam and OL has not yet been examined.This report documents a patient with OL lesions who showed a positive skin patch test reaction to amalgam and who subsequently recovered after his amalgam restorations had been removed and replaced with a different material. Case ReportA 21-year-old male was referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, with suspected OL. His major complaint was a bilateral burning sensation in the buccal mucosa. The patient had previously received cryotherapy and laser treatment at a dermatology clinic, but the OL lesions had not healed. Intraoral examination revealed white lesions bilaterally affecting the buccal mucosa and tongue (Figs. 1-3). The patient had no systemic disease and no history of tobacco or alcohol consumption. In order to confirm the histological nature of the lesion, an incisional biopsy

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Potential noninvasive biomarkers for the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2023

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Background:The rising cancer incidence in patients with oral leukoplakia (OL) highlights the importance of identifying potential biomarkers for high-risk individuals and lesions because these biomarkers are useful in developing personalized management strategies for OL patients.This study systematically searched and analyzed the literature on potential saliva and serum biomarkers for OL malignant transformation.Methods: PubMed and Scopus were searched for studies published up to April 2022. The primary outcome of this study was the difference in biomarker concentrations in saliva or serum samples from healthy control (HC), OL and oral cancer (OC) populations. Cohen's d with 95% credible interval was calculated and pooled using the inverse variance heterogeneity method.Results: A total of seven saliva biomarkers were analyzed in this paper, including interleukin-1alpha, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-6-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), copper, zinc, and lactate dehydrogenase. IL-6 and TNF-α exhibited statistically significant deviations in comparisons between HC versus OL and OL versus OC. A total of 13 serum biomarkers were analyzed, including IL-6, TNF-α, C-reactive protein, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, albumin, protein, β2-microglobulin, fucose, lipid-bound sialic acid (LSA), and total sialic acid (TSA). LSA and TSA exhibited statistically significant deviations in comparisons between HC versus OL and OL versus OC. Conclusion:IL-6 and TNF-α in saliva have strong predictive values for OL deterioration, and LSA and TSA concentration levels in serum also have the potential to serve as biomarkers for OL deterioration.

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The significance of salivary interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in patients with oral leukoplakia

Cited by 84 publications

References 21 publications

Changes in saliva interleukin-6 levels in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

Changes in saliva interleukin-6 levels in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

Oral leukoplakia associated with amalgam restorations

Potential noninvasive biomarkers for the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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