The Similarity of European Union Countries in Terms of the Structure of the Unemployed

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to assess the degree of similarity in the structure of the unemployed according to various categories (gender, age, education, the duration of unemployment) in the EU countries. Approach/Methodology/Design: As a research tool, the vector elimination method was used, which facilitates a division of a set of objects into subgroups with similar structures. Statistical data on the structure of the unemployed due to selected features in 28 European Union countries come from the Eurostat database and relate to 2018. Findings: The spatial distribution of groups of EU countries in 2018 confirms the authors' observations formulated at the beginning of the work that the structures of the unemployed by selected categories are similar in most countries, but it is also possible to distinguish countries in which these structures are significantly different. Practical Implications: The knowledge about the regularities of the structures of the unemployed in individual EU countries is necessary when developing strategies to combat unemployment, especially among people in a particular situation on the labor market. Originality/Value: There are no comprehensive analyzes in the literature to determine the similarity of the structure of the unemployed in EU countries, taking into account various demographic features that are typically taken into account in this type of research (e.g., gender, age, or level of education). The presented studies fill a gap in this area, they can also complement existing studies focusing mainly on the level of unemployment.

Comparison of changes in the labour markets of post-communist countries with other EU member states

“…With respect to this variable, Poland created a separate cluster, Slovakia, Romania and Bulgaria were in one cluster with Greece, Italy and the Netherlands. The remaining post-communist countries created one large cluster, which also included the remaining Western European countries (with the exception of Denmark) (Wawrzyniak et al, 2020). The determinants of unemployment duration in Poland were: work seniority, education level, age and type of undertaken job (Batóg & Batóg, 2016).…”