The simple and facile methods to improve dispersion stability of nanoparticles: Different chain length alkylcarboxylate mixtures

Preparation of controlled gold nanoparticle aggregates using a dendronization strategy

“…As demonstrated, the degree of displacement of citrate ions is lower for ligands exhibiting a lower packing density; the remaining citrate ions fill void spaces on the NP surface and thus lead to enhanced NP stabilization in water/THF solution [57]. Wang et al [23] also associated the high photochemical stability of dendronized NPs with the ramification of the ligands used and Piao et al [71] reported that the conformational freedom presented by the ligands or surfactants employed plays an important role in the dispersion stability of NPs. In fact, the dispersion stability of NPs stabilized with n-alkyl chain monodentate surfactants is generally poor, since they tend to pack densely, and hence lose the conformational entropy of the surfactant layer.…”

“…In fact, the dispersion stability of NPs stabilized with n-alkyl chain monodentate surfactants is generally poor, since they tend to pack densely, and hence lose the conformational entropy of the surfactant layer. Therefore, the introduction of disorder into the protecting organic monolayer has shown to increase the steric hindrance and to enhance the dispersion stability of NPs [71,72]. In this context, the use of multidentate alkanethiols [57] or kinked ligands like oleic acid [73] has proved to be useful.…”

In Situ Treatment of Thermal RF Plasma Processed Nanopowders to Control their Agglomeration and Dispersability

“…4,5). However the collected particles are agglomerated after the plasma processing; the PCS measurements ( Fig.…”

“…To promote a good dispersion of nanoparticles, beside the control of the synthesis process itself, surfactants are usually mixed to the agglomerated particles ex-situ in a solution under mechanical or ultrasonic treatment [5][6][7][8][9].…”

“…Moreover, depending on the chain length of the surfactant, inter-particle interaction can be avoided through steric hindrance [5]. If, however, the particles are not dispersed at the position where the surfactant solution is introduced in the reactor, the polymer will adsorb mostly on the external surface of the formed agglomerates making a further dispersion difficult.…”