The Simulation Method of the Galvanic Coupling Intrabody Communication With Different Signal Transmission Paths

Song, Yong; Hao, Qun; Zhang, Kai; Wang, Ming; Chu, Yifang; Kang, Bangzhi

doi:10.1109/tim.2010.2087870

Cited by 81 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, though our results matches closely with the other literature measurement at 100 KHz as shown in Fig.6, there is a difference of approximately 7 dB and 3 dB with [1] and [6] respectively at 1 MHz.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

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Multi-path 2-Port Channel Characterization for Galvanic Coupled Intra-body Communication

Swaminathan

Pujol

Schirner

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Body Area Networks

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Sensors implanted inside a body compose so called intra body networks (IBNs), which promise high degree of mobility, remote diagnostic accuracy, and the potential of directly activating the action of drug delivery actuators. To enable communication among these implanted sensors, we use the concept of galvanic coupling, in which extremely low energy electrical signals are coupled into the human body tissues by leveraging the conductive properties of the tissues. Several challenges emerge in this new communication paradigm, such as how to appropriately model the signal propagation through various tissue paths such as from muscle to skin across different tissue boundaries and quantify the achievable data rates. The main contributions in this paper are: (i) we build a 2-port tissue equivalent circuit model to characterize the body channel and to identify the range of suitable operating frequencies and (ii) we theoretically estimate the channel capacity for various sensor locations that incorporates factors like the tissue propagation path, operating frequency and noise level.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…in terms of various network parameters. The state of the art in GC based IBNs (GC-IBN) [8,1,6] has been limited to on-surface communication, similar to node B to sink A communication in Fig. 1.(c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-path 2-Port Channel Characterization for Galvanic Coupled Intra-body Communication

Swaminathan

Pujol

Schirner

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Body Area Networks

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show abstract

“…Most of the induced current flows directly from one sender electrode to the other, but a small portion propagates through the body to the receiver where it is detected as the voltage differential between the two receiver electrodes. The carrier of the information are the ionic fluids in the body that form a closed loop for signal transmission [30]. Advantages of galvanic coupling are virtually no "leakage" of the electric field outside of the body -galvanic coupling does not rely on electromagnetic transmission, but on electron flow -and the fact that no external ground reference is needed; the return path of the signal transmission is the human body.…”

Section: Background On Intra-body and On-body Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Device Pairing at the Touch of an Electrode

Roeschlin

Martinovic

Rasmussen

2018

Proceedings 2018 Network and Distributed System Security Symposium

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Abstract-Device pairing is the problem of having two devices securely establish a key that can be used to secure subsequent communication. The problem arises every time two devices that do not already share a secret need to bootstrap a secure communication channel. Many solutions exist, all suited to different situations, and all with their own strengths and weaknesses.In this paper, we propose a novel approach to device pairing that applies whenever a user wants to pair two devises that can be physically touched at the same time. The pairing process is easy to perform, even for novice users. A central problem for a device (Alice) running a device pairing protocol, is determining whether the other party (Bob) is in fact the device that we are supposed to establish a key with. Our scheme is based on the idea that two devices can perform device pairing, if they are physically held by the same person (at the same time). In order to pair two devices, a person touches a conductive surface on each device. While the person is in contact with both devices, the human body acts as a transmission medium for intra-body communication and the two devices can communicate through the body. This body channel is used as part of a pairing protocol which allows the devices to agree on a mutual secret and, at the same time, extract physical features to verify that they are being held by the same person. We prove that our device pairing protocol is secure in our threat model and we build a proof of concept set-up and conduct experiments with 15 people to verify the idea in practice.

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“…This assures safety and could further provide significant insight into human body composition since changes in the signal amplitude and phase are dependent on the changes in the medium through which the signals propagate and the electrodes and method through which they were connected. From this, other models emerged involving both electrical circuit [44,45] and finite element methods [46,47]. NB PHY include multiple frequencies of 402-405 MHz for implantable devices, 863-956 MHz for wearable applications, and 2360-2400 MHz for medical applications.…”

Section: Human Body As a Transmission Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Opportunities To Assess Hydration in Wireless Body Area Networks

Asogwa

Lai

2017

Electronics

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Abstract:The study of human body hydration is increasingly leading to new practical applications, including online assessment techniques for whole body water level and novel techniques for real time assessment methods as well as characterization for fitness and exercise performance. In this review, we will discuss the different techniques for assessing hydration from electrical properties of tissues and their components and the biological relations between tissues. This will be done mainly in the context of engineering while highlighting some applications in medicine, mobile health and sports.

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The Simulation Method of the Galvanic Coupling Intrabody Communication With Different Signal Transmission Paths

Cited by 81 publications

References 11 publications

Multi-path 2-Port Channel Characterization for Galvanic Coupled Intra-body Communication

Multi-path 2-Port Channel Characterization for Galvanic Coupled Intra-body Communication

Device Pairing at the Touch of an Electrode

A Review on Opportunities To Assess Hydration in Wireless Body Area Networks

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