The Simultaneous Inhibition of IL‑4 and IL‑13 by Dupilumab

Abstract

Interleukins (IL) IL-4 and IL-13 are key players in diseases in which the Type 2 immune response is predominant, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP), that are currently being treated with dupilumab. Dupilumab is a fully human IgG4 monoclonal antibody that targets the IL-4 receptor alpha chain (IL-4Rα), preventing both IL-4 and IL-13 mediated signaling. This mini-review summarizes the IL-4 receptor system as well as the mechanism of action of dupilumab. Keywords: IL-4; IL-13; dupilumab; Type 2 immunity Abbreviations AD: Atopic Dermatitis CRSwNP: Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid JAK: Janus Kinase IL: Interleukin IL-4R: Interleukin 4 Receptor IL-4Rα: Interleukin 4 Receptor alpha chain IL-13Rα1: Interleukin 13 Receptor alpha 1 chain IL-13Rα2:Interleukin 13 Receptor alpha 2 chain STAT: Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription TGF-β: Transforming Growth Factor beta TNF: Tumor Necrosis Factor TYK2: Tyrosine Kinase 2 γc: Common gamma chain