The simultest: A new approach to screening chemicals with the <i>Salmonella</i> reversion assay

Nestmann, Earle R.; Brillinger, R.L.; McPherson, Marcia F.; Maus, K. Laurie

doi:10.1002/em.2850100207

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…This may explain why the test is usually performed in only two strains, i.e., TA98 and either TA100 or “TAMix”, which is a mixture of specific base‐pair mutation sensitive Salmonella strains [Kamber et al, ]. Pooling several strains has also been suggested as a screening strategy for both plate incorporation and fluctuation test systems [Nestmann et al, , McPherson and Nestmann , Gee et al, ] although there are doubts about the use of mixed strains including lack of knowledge of the final proportions of the bacterial strains, their potential interaction, and their sensitivities compared to the individual strains. Several screens employ the standard strains and the same principles as the pour plate methods described in OECD guideline 471 but in a multi‐well format. In this case, all the components of the test are the same but are utilized in proportionately smaller amounts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The micro‐Ames test: A direct comparison of the performance and sensitivities of the standard and 24‐well plate versions of the bacterial mutation test

Proudlock¹,

Evans²

2016

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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"Ames" bacterial mutation tests are widely performed for evaluation and registration of new materials including industrial chemicals, agrochemicals, medical devices, pharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical impurities and other materials. Tests are used to predict their potential long-term adverse health effects (including carcinogenicity). Given their importance, pre-screening 'miniaturized' versions have been developed which allow higher throughput and use less test material, including the widely-employed 24-well micro-Ames (µAmes) test which uses 20 times less material. However, little quantitative information has been published on the methodology or sensitivity of this system. We describe methods and results used in direct comparisons of the sensitivity of micro and standard systems using the same cultures, formulations, etc. Initial testing utilized the plate incorporation method and, later, the pre-incubation method. In a subsequent phase of testing, a four-way direct comparison was made between the pre-incubation and plate incorporation methods in both systems using some direct-acting mutagens. Tests used only those strain/S9/chemical combinations where a response was expected. Historical control results accumulated during testing are also presented. Spontaneous and induced revertant colony counts for the µAmes system were consistently proportionate and approximately 1/20th those for the standard Ames test. Sensitivities of the two systems were found to be nearly identical in almost all cases for a wide variety of weak and strong inorganic and organic mutagens. Standardized procedures and increased reliability of the estimate of the background revertant frequency in the µAmes system means that the two systems give equivalent results and are expected to be highly predictive of one another. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 57:687-705, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The micro‐Ames test: A direct comparison of the performance and sensitivities of the standard and 24‐well plate versions of the bacterial mutation test

Proudlock¹,

Evans²

2016

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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“…In Table 11, these SIMULTESI' fluctuation test data are compared to the SIMULTEST Salmonella plate incorporation test data of Nestmann et al [1987]. A "sensitivity" index was calculated for the most sensitive single strain and for the SIMULTEST.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nestmann et al [1987] introduced a new concept to reduce the time and expense required for this plate test. Their SI-MULTEST uses the conventional His-Salmonella tester strains in combination, thus testing the response of several strains simultaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The simultest approach for testing mutagens in the Salmonella Microtitre fluctuation assay

Er²

1990

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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The concept of combining several histidine-dependent Salmonella strains in a single test, the SIMULTEST, has been applied to the microtitre fluctuation test. The activity of five mutagens was determined in strains TA97, TA98, TA100, and TA102 individually as well as in a SIMULTEST mixture. All five compounds were mutagenic in the SIMULTEST, demonstrating the utility of this time and labour-saving approach of combining strains for testing with this method. The microtitre fluctuation SIMULTEST results were quantitatively comparable to those of the SIMULTEST Salmonella/microsome plate test. The microtitre fluctuation test compared with the plate incorporation assay generally showed more favourable "sensitivity" and "quantity" indices in that four of the five chemicals tested in the fluctuation test were mutagenic at lower doses than in the plate test.

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Naturwissenschaftlich-medizinische Grundlagen

Streffer¹,

Bücker²,

Cansier³

et al. 2000

Umweltstandards

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The simultest: A new approach to screening chemicals with the Salmonella reversion assay

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

The micro‐Ames test: A direct comparison of the performance and sensitivities of the standard and 24‐well plate versions of the bacterial mutation test

The micro‐Ames test: A direct comparison of the performance and sensitivities of the standard and 24‐well plate versions of the bacterial mutation test

The simultest approach for testing mutagens in the Salmonella Microtitre fluctuation assay

Naturwissenschaftlich-medizinische Grundlagen

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