The SNPforID Assay as a Supplementary Method in Kinship and Trace Analysis

Abstract

Objective: Short tandem repeat (STR) analysis using commercial multiplex PCR kits is the method of choice for kinship testing and trace analysis. However, under certain circumstances (deficiency testing, mutations, minute DNA amounts), STRs alone may not suffice. Methods: We present a 50-plex single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assay based on the SNPs chosen by the SNPforID consortium as an additional method for paternity and for trace analysis. The new assay was applied to selected routine paternity and trace cases from our laboratory. Results and Conclusions: Our investigation shows that the new SNP multiplex assay is a valuable method to supplement STR analysis, and is a powerful means to solve complicated genetic analyses.

Evaluation of the Ion Torrent™ HID SNP 169-plex: A SNP typing assay developed for human identification by second generation sequencing

“…PCR-SBE-CE assays are sensitive, relatively cheap and may be performed in just 1 day. The PCR-SBE-CE assays were validated for case work in some laboratories [13][14][15][16]. However, PCR-SBE-CE assays are not widely used, most likely because there are no commercial kits available and no commercial software solutions designed for analysis of SBE products.…”

Usefulness of SNPs as Supplementary Markers in a Paternity Case with 3 Genetic Incompatibilities at Autosomal and Y Chromosomal Loci

“…The use of additional autosomal or Y chromosomal loci can lead to further problems since such mutations in primer binding sites or additional mutations may again lead to ambiguous results. Therefore, the usefulness of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as supplementary markers has been widely discussed and reported [9,10,11]. In a number of studies, the advantage of supplement SNP analysis in paternity cases with genetic incompatibilities at different STR loci has been convincingly demonstrated [11,12,13,14].…”

“…Therefore, the usefulness of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as supplementary markers has been widely discussed and reported [9,10,11]. In a number of studies, the advantage of supplement SNP analysis in paternity cases with genetic incompatibilities at different STR loci has been convincingly demonstrated [11,12,13,14]. In the study of Schwark et al [11] in all trio cases (mother, child and putative father) with 1 or 2 mutations, SNP typing gave higher paternity indices (PIs) than analysis of 17 STRs.…”

“…In a number of studies, the advantage of supplement SNP analysis in paternity cases with genetic incompatibilities at different STR loci has been convincingly demonstrated [11,12,13,14]. In the study of Schwark et al [11] in all trio cases (mother, child and putative father) with 1 or 2 mutations, SNP typing gave higher paternity indices (PIs) than analysis of 17 STRs. A major advantage of SNP analysis in kinship investigation is the low mutation rate of approximately 10 -8 compared to 10 -3 to 10 -4 for STRs [10,11,12,13].…”

Forensic genetic SNP typing of low-template DNA and highly degraded DNA from crime case samples

“…The assay proved to be a valuable supplement to STR typing in cases, where the conclusions based on STRs were ambiguous [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. All 49 SNP loci were amplified in one PCR reaction and the SNPs were detected by two single base extension (SBE) reactions and capillary electrophoresis [4,23,32].…”