The soft X-ray L<sub>23</sub>emission spectrum from liquid aluminium

Catterall, J. A.; Trotter, J.

doi:10.1080/14786436308214449

Cited by 34 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…g The condition for the volume-plasmon resonance 7 is e (u) =CO V ) =0, and the condition for the surfaceplasmon resonance 6 at a Bi-vacuum interface is e((v =oo s ) --l. 10 The dashed lines in Fig. 2 show the variation of position of the volume and surface losses with temperature expected using the simple free-electron dielectric constant e(ct>) = 1 -(jQp 2 /u) 2 , where oop = (4irNe 2 /m) 1/2 is the plasma frequency and N is the electron density. 11 It can be seen that this form of e(to) is inadequate to describe either the positions of the plasmon losses in solid or liquid or the direction of change in the surface loss across the melting point.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Characteristic Electron Energy-Loss Spectra of Solid and Liquid Bismuth

Powell

1965

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Characteristic Electron Energy-Loss Spectra of Solid and Liquid Bismuth

Powell

1965

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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“…For an example, we explain the soft X-ray L23 emission spectrum from liquid aluminium measured by Catterall and Trotter. 26 ) The characteristic feature of the density of states in liquid aluminium is expected to be the same as N(E) in Fig. 4.…”

Section: E(k)-e(o)/spmentioning

confidence: 74%

A Note on the Electronic States in Liquid Metals

Watabe

Tanaka

1964

Prog. Theor. Phys.

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525The energy spectrum of valence electrons in liquid metals is investigated with the nearlyfree-electron approximation (Ziman's picture). The spectrum in monovalent (alkali) liquid metals is essentially the free one with small increase of the density of states on the Fermi surface. In the case of polyvalent metals, the spectrum is distorted by the electron-ion interaction reflecting complicated ionic distribution. The density of states near the Fermi surface increases by a factor of about two compared to that of free electrons. The energy spectrum seems to characterize a liquid metal from others to some extent as it does a solid. Qualitative feature of several electronic properties is discussed in relation to the ionic density correlation, i.e. the structure factor of neutron diffraction of a liquid metal. Several experimental facts for the electronic structure in liquid metals, e.g. the soft X-ray emission spectrum from liquid aluminium, which are thought to be incompatible with Ziman's picture, are explained reasonq_bly from the viewpoint of nearly-free-electron approximation.The dynamical effect of the electron-ion interaction is investigated in reference to Ziman's plasma term scattering. The effect is shown to cause a mass shift for thermal properties of electrons and in the case of liquid sodium the mass shift is expected to amount to the same order as in the solid. investigate the applicability of the Kohn-Rostoker method to the electronic states in a liquid metal recently. The method may be powerful for the cases of the strong electron-ion interaction.at Florida International University on June 19, 2015 http://ptp.oxfordjournals.org/ Downloaded from *) Strictly speakiU:g, the detectable quantity from the spin paramagnetism is the naive density of states, determined solely from (dE(k)/dk)-1, that is, the expression (6) but without the renormalization factor Z(k). The distortion of (dE(k)/dk)-1 near the Fermi surface, however, amounts to the same order as that of N(E) in Fig. 4. at Florida International University on June 19, 2015 http://ptp.oxfordjournals.org/ Downloaded from *l The expression (9) is quite general as long as we take the second order approximation with a simplified electron-ion interaction, and may apply to several problems with slight modification.

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“…In the X-ray region, the results for A1 diverge for the K and L X-ray emission (44,42). Catterall and Trotter (42) demonstrate that the L,, emission spectrum obtained from liquid A1 shows some resemblance to the solid, though the peak characteristic of the zone overlaps is rather less pronounced.…”

Section: Soft X-raj' and Plzotoen~ission Experirnetzts Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Catterall and Trotter (42) demonstrate that the L,, emission spectrum obtained from liquid A1 shows some resemblance to the solid, though the peak characteristic of the zone overlaps is rather less pronounced. Again, the result shows that the short-range arrangement of atoms is playing a more important role than the long-range order.…”

Section: Soft X-raj' and Plzotoen~ission Experirnetzts Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron states in liquid metals: especially optical and magnetic properties

March¹

1977

Can. J. Chem.

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The theory of optical absorption of the simple liquid metals (e.g. the alkalis) is outlined. At not too large frequencies, the Drude theory is regained. The relaxation time is that given by the weak scattering (Ziman) theory of electrical resistivity. For high frequencies, the relaxation time, however, becomes frequency dependent. Appreciable structure enters the theory, arising from collective excitations. The relation to recent ellipsometric measurements on liquid Na is briefly discussed. The optical conductivity and density of states in the divalent metals Hg and Be is then discussed, followed by the relation between photoemission and soft X-ray experiments and current electron theory. Specific attention is given to the evidence for a pseudo-gap in the divalent metals and to changes in the electron states which occur on melting the noble metals.The second major area treated is concerned with the magnetic properties of liquid metals. The theory of orbital and spin magnetism in simple liquid metals is reviewed and confronted with experiment. It is clear that the electron-electron enhancement effects have a dominant influence on the trend of the spin susceptibility of simple liquid metals as a function of density. However, electron-ion interactions must be introduced as corrections to the interacting electron gas values and in a metal like Li the nearly free electron theory fails to do this adequately. Knight shift results are summarized, and some attention is given to a recent experiment on the Knight shift of expanded fluid Hg. Difficulties for the theory in relation to transport and the pseudo-gap are pointed out. Finally, new theoretical calculations are reported on the relation between the magnetic properties of the liquid rare earth metals and their electrical conductivity. On dicrit la theorie de l'absorption optique des metaux liquides simples (par exemple les alcalis). A des frequences qui ne sont pas trop grandes, on retrouve la theorie de Drude. Le temps de relaxation est celui prCvu par la theorie (Ziman) de dispersion faible de la resistiviti Clectrique. Pour des frequences Clevees, il existe toutefois une relation entre le temps de relaxation et la frequence. Un degre appreciable de structure, provenant d'excitations collectives, entre dans la thCorie. On discute de la relation qui existe avec les mesures ellipsomCtriques effectuees rkcemment sur du sodium liquide. On discute alors de la conductivite optique et de la densite d'etats dans les metaux divalents Hg et Be; le tout est suivi par la relation qui existe entre les experiences de photoemission et de rayons-X doux et la theorie tlectronique prkvaut actuellement. On porte une attention spiciale aux preuves concernant un pseudo-gap dans les mCtaux divalents et a un changen~ent dam les etats electroniques qui se produisent lorsque l'on fait fondre des metaux nobles.La deuxieme section importante qui sera traitee concerne les proprietes nlagnetiques des metaux iiquides. On passe en revue la theorie des magnetisnies orbital et de spin dans des mtt...

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The soft X-ray L₂₃emission spectrum from liquid aluminium

Cited by 34 publications

References 12 publications

Differences in the Characteristic Electron Energy-Loss Spectra of Solid and Liquid Bismuth

Differences in the Characteristic Electron Energy-Loss Spectra of Solid and Liquid Bismuth

A Note on the Electronic States in Liquid Metals

Electron states in liquid metals: especially optical and magnetic properties

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The soft X-ray L23emission spectrum from liquid aluminium

Cited by 34 publications

References 12 publications

Differences in the Characteristic Electron Energy-Loss Spectra of Solid and Liquid Bismuth

Differences in the Characteristic Electron Energy-Loss Spectra of Solid and Liquid Bismuth

A Note on the Electronic States in Liquid Metals

Electron states in liquid metals: especially optical and magnetic properties

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The soft X-ray L₂₃emission spectrum from liquid aluminium