The Solubility of Barium Propionate

Wing, Henry J.; Thompson, T. J.

doi:10.1021/ja01412a014

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The deviation and possible causes are discussed in the following. First, in Lumsden's solubility experiments, the substance was obtained by the reaction of dilute propionic acid and calcium carbonate with the subsequent recovery of products by evaporating the liquid over a water bath and drying in air , . The purity of final products was not given.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1902, Lumsden determined solubility data and found a distinct deviation from the results of Krasnicki. In Lumsden's solubility experiments, a thermostat to achieve a constant temperature was suggested, and a device used to remove the suspensions with subsequent vacuum filtration to obtain the saturated solid‐free liquid was devised , . Lumsden also analyzed the solids in contact with the solution by weighing the mass of solids, then converting the calcium propionate into calcium sulfate, and subsequently weighing the mass of calcium sulfate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In the study of Seidel , Krasnicki's solubility results for barium acetate were also considered as incorrect. Wing and Thompson examined the solubility data of Krasnicki for barium propionate and got a significantly different solubility curve which was convex to the temperature axis, and not concave as Krasnicki described. Obviously, in the solubility of calcium propionate in water was cited from .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solubility Study and Thermal Stability Analysis of Calcium Propionate

Lorenz

Seidel‐Morgenstern

2017

Chem Eng & Technol

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Solubilities in water and ethanol-water mixtures as well as the thermal behavior of the food additive calcium propionate were investigated to clarify deviations in published data. Material purified by recrystallization was used to exclude influence of impurities. Investigation of the dissociation process of calcium propionate in aqueous solution indicated that the particular shapes of the solubility curves cannot be attributed to changes in pH. The substance purchased turned out to be a mixture of the monohydrate and anhydrous calcium propionate. A new polymorph of the anhydrous calcium propionate was found and characterized. The results provide a better understanding of calcium propionate and support the development of improved crystallization processes. IntroductionCalcium propionate appears as a white crystalline solid or powder with odors resembling propionate acids [1, 2]. It is mainly used as preservative in a broad variety of products, especially in the manufacturing of baked goods. The antimicrobial action of calcium propionate is based on its dissociation process to produce undissociated propionate acid, which could diffuse across the cytoplasmic membrane. On the one hand it releases a proton to increase the energy consumption of the organism for removing the proton out, while on the other hand it accumulates in the cell and blocks metabolism by inhibiting enzymes [3]. Therefore, the pH value of the substance to be preserved is of great importance to the antimicrobial action [2].A typical concentration of calcium propionate used in bread production is 0.2 % based on the flour weight [4]. No flavor or lip feel is detectable when the concentration of calcium propionate in aqueous solutions ranges between 30 and 50 mM, which could be used with chlorinated water as a sanitary treatment for fresh-cut melon [5]. Calcium propionate is more widely used than propionic acid because it is easier to handle the solid salt than the corrosive liquid acid [3, 4]. The common method employed for the preparation of calcium propionate is the neutralization of propionic acid with calcium hydroxide in aqueous solution. The methods to achieve the solid products include spray drying, evaporation crystallization in aqueous solution or a solvent-free process, which could cause environment pollution and high costs or strong aggregation problems [6]. So, improving the solid-liquid separation process, which includes the design of an optimal crystallization process to produce calcium propionate with desired crystal size distribution (CSD), shape, and solid-state form as well as with low energy consumption and simplified procedures, is of crucial importance.Crystallization is a key technology used as a purification and isolation process both on a laboratory and an industrial scale in a wide variety of chemical engineering fields. The solids produced in crystallization processes based on different operation could have various physical and chemical properties such as CSD, crystal morphology, and solid-state form, which have a strong e...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solubility Study and Thermal Stability Analysis of Calcium Propionate

Lorenz

Seidel‐Morgenstern

2017

Chem Eng & Technol

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A Soluble ‘Ba(Ni-ett)’ (ett = 1,1,2,2-Ethenetetrathiolate) Derived Thermoelectric Material

Hu,

Rivers,

Weir

et al. 2023

Electron. Mater. Lett.

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We describe the synthesis and characterisation of the first of a new class of soluble ladder oligomeric thermoelectric material based on previously unutilised ethene-1,1,2,2-tetrasulfonic acid. Reaction of Ba(OH)2 and propionic acid at a 1:1 stoichiometry leads to the formation of the previously unrecognised soluble [Ba(OH)(O2CEt)]⋅H2O. The latter when used to hydrolyse 1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene-2,5-dione (TPD), in the presence of NiCl2, forms a new material whose elemental composition is in accord with the formula [(EtCO2Ba)4Ni8{(O3S)2C = C(SO3)2}5]⋅22H2O (4). Compound 4 can be pressed into pellets, drop-cast as DMSO solutions or ink-jet printed (down to sub-mm resolutions). While its room temperature thermoelectric properties are modest (σmax 0.04 S cm−1 and Seebeck coefficient, αmax − 25.8 μV K−1) we introduce a versatile new oligomeric material that opens new possible synthetic routes for n-type thermoelectrics. Graphical Abstract

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Binary Systems

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The Solubility of Barium Propionate

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Solubility Study and Thermal Stability Analysis of Calcium Propionate

Solubility Study and Thermal Stability Analysis of Calcium Propionate

A Soluble ‘Ba(Ni-ett)’ (ett = 1,1,2,2-Ethenetetrathiolate) Derived Thermoelectric Material

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