The Somatic Chromosomes of Sophora fernandeziana (Fabaceae), an Endemic Tree from Robinson Crusoe Island

Stiefkens, Laura; Bernardello, Gabriel; Anderson, Gregory J.

doi:10.1353/psc.2001.0007

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Skottsb. was considered to be closely to S. tetraptera (Hemsley 1884;Johow 1896), but their karyotypes proved to be different (Stiefkens et al 2001; this work): S. fernandeziana has two sm chromosome pairs and there are no satellited chromosomes. In addition, basic chromosome numbers were important in recognising the closely related genus Styphnolobium Schott (Palomino et al 1993;Sousa S. & Rudd 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The nine species of Sophora karyotypically analysed so far are also mostly composed of m pairs with fewer sm pairs (Kawakami 1930;Hsu & Huang 1985;Bernal Gonzalez & Martínez Almeraya 1989;Kodama 1989;Kumari & Bir 1990;Palomino et al 1993;Tian et al 1993;Stiefkens et al 2001). Karyotypic features seem to be taxonomically useful because data available indicate that there are differences in karyotype formula and in the presence and position of the secondary constrictions among them; for instance, Sophora fernandeziana (Phil.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The karyotype ofSophora tetraptera(Fabaceae)

Stiefkens

Bernardello

Anderson

2003

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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The karyotype of Sophora tetraptera (Fabaceae (Leguminosae), subfam. Papilionoideae) is reported for the first time. The chromosome number, 2n = 18, coincides with former reports and is the most common number for the genus. The chromosomes are small (average length 1.65 (Am). The karyotype is composed of 8 m (metacentric) + 1 sm (submetacentric) pairs. Microsatellites were observed on the short arm of the only sm pair. The intrachromosomal and interchromosomal asymmetry indices were A 1 = 0.16 and A 2 = 0.12, respectively. The nine species of Sophora analysed karyotypically so far in the literature suggest that karyotypic features are useful. The diversification of the group apparently has been accompanied by some chromosomal rearrangements yielding differences in karyotype formula and secondary constrictions. Thus, karyotypic data in Sophora are useful for elucidating its taxonomy and evolution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The karyotype ofSophora tetraptera(Fabaceae)

Stiefkens

Bernardello

Anderson

2003

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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“…During evolution of newly evolved endemic taxa on geologically young oceanic islands, evidence suggests that little change in chromosome number occurs (Sanders, Stuessy & Rodríguez, 1983; Carr, 1998; Stuessy & Crawford, 1998; Stiefkens, Bernardello & Anderson, 2001). Despite lack of major karyological changes, it is obvious that genetic alterations accumulate during speciation of island endemics, because they are morphologically distinct from each other.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Karyology of plant species endemic to Ullung Island (Korea) and selected relatives in peninsular Korea and Japan

Weiss¹,

Sun²,

Stuessy³

et al. 2002

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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Chromosomal changes, including polyploidy and dysploidy, often accompany speciation of angiosperms in continental regions. In contrast, on geologically young oceanic islands, little change in chromosome number occurs during speciation of endemics. Absence of change in number of chromosomes does not necessarily mean lack of chromosomal rearrangements. To determine whether detailed karyotypic changes accompany speciation in island habitats, nine endemic species in Abelia, Acer, Campanula, Dystaenia, Hepatica, Rubus, Valeriana, Veronica and Viola of Ullung Island, a geologically young volcanic island off the coast of peninsular Korea in the Eastern Sea, have been compared with progenitors in mainland Korea and Japan. Results confirm that no changes in ploidy level or dysploidy have occurred during speciation of these endemic island taxa. Detailed karyotypic analysis indicates that most of the taxa have not undergone significant macromorphological chromosomal changes. In the bitypic genus Dystaenia (Umbelliferae), D. takesimana, endemic to Ullung Island, differs karyotypically from its progenitor, D. ibukiensis from Japan, in a number of chromosomal elements, some of which appear to be satellites and others of which may represent B chromosomes. This suggests that rDNA loci might have been lost or rearranged during speciation. © 2002 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 138, 93–105.

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“…Sophora fernandeziana-locally known as ''madera dura''-is a tree up to 10 m tall, with showy flowers and fourwinged pods. Previous work on this species focused mainly on systematics (Skottsberg, 1922(Skottsberg, , 1953Yakovlev, 1967;Tsoong and Ma, 1981), phylogeny (Peña and Cassels, 1996;Peña et al, 2000), chromosomes (Stiefkens et al, 2001), alkaloids (Hoeneisen et al, 1993), flavonoids (Ruiz et al, 1999), and allozyme diversity (Crawford et al, 2001).…”

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The reproductive biology of Sophora fernandeziana (Leguminosae), a vulnerable endemic species from Isla Robinson Crusoe

Bernardello

Aguilar

Anderson

2004

American J of Botany

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Sophora fernandeziana is the only legume endemic to Isla Robinson Crusoe (Archipelago Juan Fernández, Chile); it is uncommon and becoming rare. Although its preservation status is listed as "vulnerable," as with many species, little is known of its reproductive biology. Flowering phenology, floral morphology, nectar features, breeding system, and visitors were analyzed in two populations. Flowering is from late winter to early spring. Flowers last 6 d and have a number of ornithophilous features. A floral nectary begins to secrete highly concentrated nectar 48 h after flowers open. Nectar secretion increases as the flower ages but culminates in active nectar reabsorption as the flower senesces. Nectar production is negatively affected by nectar removal. Self-pollen germinates and tubes grow down the style. However, pollen tubes were only observed to enter the ovaries in open pollinated styles, suggesting the possibility of an ovarian self-incompatibility mechanism. Both sexes of the two hummingbird species that inhabit the island are regular visitors. Low fruit and seed set, low genetic diversity, and a shrinking number of populations all contribute to increased concern about the future of this species-and perhaps the hummingbirds that depend on it.

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The Somatic Chromosomes of Sophora fernandeziana (Fabaceae), an Endemic Tree from Robinson Crusoe Island

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

The karyotype ofSophora tetraptera(Fabaceae)

The karyotype ofSophora tetraptera(Fabaceae)

Karyology of plant species endemic to Ullung Island (Korea) and selected relatives in peninsular Korea and Japan

The reproductive biology of Sophora fernandeziana (Leguminosae), a vulnerable endemic species from Isla Robinson Crusoe

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