The sonochemistry of zinc powder

Suslick, Kenneth S.; Doktycz, Stephen J.

doi:10.1021/ja00188a081

Cited by 98 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…[19] The impact of shock waves and microjets on solid particles suspended in liquids was demonstrated in the early works of the Suslick research group. [100][101][102][103] For instance, high-intensity ultrasound drives metal particles having a low-melting point (e.g., Zn and Sn) together at sufficiently high speeds to induce effective melting at the point of impact ( Figure 9). [103,104] The physical effects of ultrasound have often been utilized to deposit nanoparticles onto the surface of substrates.…”

Section: Nanostructured Materials Via Sonochemical Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Ultrasound to the Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials

2010

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Recent advances in nanostructured materials have been led by the development of new synthetic methods that provide control over size, morphology, and nano/microstructure. The utilization of high intensity ultrasound offers a facile, versatile synthetic tool for nanostructured materials that are often unavailable by conventional methods. The primary physical phenomena associated with ultrasound that are relevant to materials synthesis are cavitation and nebulization. Acoustic cavitation (the formation, growth, and implosive collapse of bubbles in a liquid) creates extreme conditions inside the collapsing bubble and serves as the origin of most sonochemical phenomena in liquids or liquid-solid slurries. Nebulization (the creation of mist from ultrasound passing through a liquid and impinging on a liquid-gas interface) is the basis for ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) with subsequent reactions occurring in the heated droplets of the mist. In both cases, we have examples of phase-separated attoliter microreactors: for sonochemistry, it is a hot gas inside bubbles isolated from one another in a liquid, while for USP it is hot droplets isolated from one another in a gas. Cavitation-induced sonochemistry provides a unique interaction between energy and matter, with hot spots inside the bubbles of approximately 5000 K, pressures of approximately 1000 bar, heating and cooling rates of >10(10) K s(-1); these extraordinary conditions permit access to a range of chemical reaction space normally not accessible, which allows for the synthesis of a wide variety of unusual nanostructured materials. Complementary to cavitational chemistry, the microdroplet reactors created by USP facilitate the formation of a wide range of nanocomposites. In this review, we summarize the fundamental principles of both synthetic methods and recent development in the applications of ultrasound in nanostructured materials synthesis.

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Section: Nanostructured Materials Via Sonochemical Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Ultrasound to the Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials

2010

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“…[21,50] Meanwhile, strong shock waves and micro-jets, that can move at over 400 km/h, that are created by cavitation bubble implosion can crush catalyst particles and suppress agglomeration, resulting in finer and more dispersed catalyst particles. [51] The sonochemical decomposition of volatile organometallic compounds produces high surface area solids that consist of nanometer cluster agglomerates, [52] such as nanosize MoC, MoS2, or Fe [53][54][55][56] or noble metal catalysts. [57,58] Sonication was also found to be efficient in the preparation of supported Ru and Pd samples as well.…”

Section: Ultrasound-assisted Preparation Of Catalysts For Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ultrasound and Microwaves on Selective Reduction: Catalyst Preparation and Reactions

Borretto

Medlock³

et al. 2014

ChemCatChem

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“…The irradiation of 1-iodocyclohexene in methanol in presence of zinc increases the yield of 5 compared with the yield after irradiation without zinc. The sonochemistry of zinc powder was investigated a few years ago [8]. Ultrasound creates acoustic cavitation in liquids.…”

Section: -Ultrasound and Irradiation In Presence Of Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Photochemistry of 1-Iodocyclohexene:Influence of Ultrasound on Ionic vs. Radical Behaviour

Blaškovicová

Gáplovský²,

Blaško³

2007

Molecules

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Simultaneous application of UV light and ultrasonic irradiation to a reaction mixture containing 1-iodocyclohexene is reported. The irradiation of 1-iodocyclohexene in methanol was carried out with or without addition of zinc. The effect of ultrasound or mechanical stirring on this solid-liquid system was also compared. The irradiation of 1-iodocyclohexene in methanol in the presence of zinc increases the yield of the nucleophilic trapping product, compared with the yield after irradiation in the absence of zinc. The photodegradation of 1-iodocyclohexene was slightly accelerated after addition of zinc. A rapid formation of radical product was accompanied by substantial decrease of 1-iodocyclohexene after application of ultrasound and irradiation without the zinc. The ultrasound significantly affects the photobehaviour of this reaction, predominantly its radical route. The joint application of ultrasound and zinc contributes positively to the production of radical and ionic products. The sonochemical stirring is more effective than mechanical stirring.

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The sonochemistry of zinc powder

Abstract: High-intensity ultrasound can enhance both homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions.1"13 It has found an important niche in

Cited by 98 publications

References 0 publications

Applications of Ultrasound to the Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials

Applications of Ultrasound to the Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials

Effects of Ultrasound and Microwaves on Selective Reduction: Catalyst Preparation and Reactions

Synthesis and Photochemistry of 1-Iodocyclohexene:Influence of Ultrasound on Ionic vs. Radical Behaviour

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