The source, extraction, purification, physiological function, and application of stachyose in the food industry

Ta, Xitao; Wang, Botao; Bai, Junying; Yu, Jielin; Chen, Hangyu; Wang, Chen

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140791

Food Chemistry

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140791

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The source, extraction, purification, physiological function, and application of stachyose in the food industry

Xitao Ta,

Botao Wang,

Junying Bai

et al.

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Cited by 2 publications

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Taeniasis impacts human gut microbiome composition and function

Mu,

Ma,

Wang

et al. 2024

The ISME Journal

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Human taeniasis, caused by Taenia tapeworms, is a global parasitic disease with significant implications for public health and food safety. These tapeworms can grow to considerable sizes and potentially impact the microecology of the host gut. Despite their importance, the effects of Taenia infection on host gut microbiota haven’t been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the gut microbiome in patients infected with Taenia asiatica (n = 87) compared to healthy controls (n = 79) in the Dali cohort, China. We also performed a longitudinal assessment of microbial changes following deworming in a subset of patients (n = 24). Our findings reveal a significant shift in gut microbial composition, characterized by increased alpha-diversity and an enrichment of Prevotella-driven enterotypes in infected patients compared to healthy controls. The stability of these microbial features post-deworming varied widely among individuals and was lower in those with lower initial alpha diversity and Prevotella-enterotype before deworming. We observed a significant depletion of Bifidobacterium species in infected individuals, regardless of enterotypes, and these prebiotics did not recover post-deworming. Metabolic network analysis and in vitro experiments suggest that the reduction of Bifidobacterium was linked to metabolic competition for ecological niches or nutrients, particularly stachyose, from other microbes rather than the parasitism itself. Furthermore, our machine learning analysis demonstrated that taxa associated with Bifidobacterium in stachyose metabolism could robustly predict infection but could not predict deworming. This study highlights the substantial impact of taeniasis on the human gut microbiome and overall gut health.

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Taeniasis impacts human gut microbiome composition and function

Mu,

Ma,

Wang

et al. 2024

The ISME Journal

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Impact of Soybean Bioactive Peptides on Growth, Lipid Metabolism, Antioxidant Ability, Molecular Responses, and Gut Microbiota of Oriental River Prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense) Fed with a Low-Fishmeal Diet

Yang,

Liu,

Pan

et al. 2024

Biology

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The substitution of fishmeal with high-level soybean meal in the diet of crustaceans usually induces lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in the hepatopancreas. Therefore, it is essential to alleviate these adverse effects. In the present study, SBPs were used to alleviate the negative effects of a fishmeal decrease on the growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and gut microbiota of oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense) in an 8-week feeding trial. Three isonitrogenic and isolipidic diets were prepared as follows: R (reference diet with 32% fishmeal), CT (control diet with 22% fishmeal), and SBP (22% fishmeal with 1.25 g/kg soybean bioactive peptides). The prawns (initial biomass per tank 17 g) were randomly divided into three groups with four replicates. The results showed that the low-fishmeal diet induced the following: (1) the inhibition of growth performance and survival of prawns; (2) an increase in triglyceride content in the hepatopancreas and hemolymph and downregulation of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (cpt1) gene expression; (3) a reduction in antioxidant enzymes’ activities and their genes expression levels and an increase malondialdehyde (MDA) content; and (4) an increase in the abundance of the conditional pathogen Pseudomonas in the gut. SBPs supplementation in the CT diet effectively alleviated most of the above adverse effects. SBPs enhanced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity to synthesize nitric oxide (NO) by activating the imd-relish pathway. Most importantly, SBPs increased the potential probiotic Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group abundance and decreased the abundance of the conditional pathogen Pseudomonas in the gut. In conclusion, SBPs supplementation can improve low-fishmeal-diet-induced growth inhibition by regulating the gut microbiota composition to ameliorate lipid deposition and oxidative stress and strengthen immune status in oriental river prawn.

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The source, extraction, purification, physiological function, and application of stachyose in the food industry

Cited by 2 publications

References 54 publications

Taeniasis impacts human gut microbiome composition and function

Taeniasis impacts human gut microbiome composition and function

Impact of Soybean Bioactive Peptides on Growth, Lipid Metabolism, Antioxidant Ability, Molecular Responses, and Gut Microbiota of Oriental River Prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense) Fed with a Low-Fishmeal Diet

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